Study on the ecological characteristics of environmental bacteria, and selection of a simple and easy genotyping method for the tracking their sources and disseminating routes in the hospitals.

研究环境细菌的生态特征，选择一种简便易行的基因分型方法，用于追踪其来源和在医院内的传播途径。

• 批准号: 15592225
• 负责人: OCHIAI Hiroshi
• 金额: $ 2.24万
• 依托单位: Toyama Medical and Pharmaceutical University
• 依托单位国家: 日本
• 项目类别: Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (C)
• 财政年份: 2003
• 资助国家: 日本
• 起止时间: 2003 至 2004
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://kaken.nii.ac.jp/en/grant/KAKENHI-PROJECT-15592225/
• 关键词: Pseudomonas aeruginosa; Serracia marcescens; Environmental contamination; Biofilm; Sensitivity against disinfectants; Infection route; Molecular epidemiology; Random primer amplified polymorphic DNA-PCR method; 遺伝子タイピング; 感染看護

Initially, we investigated the relation between biofilm formation, an ecological characteristic of environmental bacteria, and sensitivity against disinfectants using Pseudomonas aeruginosa(Ps). The main findings are summarized as follows.1.Ps could be isolated from as much as 21 places from 29 places including water-plug and drainage areas in the nurse station, and urinal-washing and bath areas.2.Teflon-sheet test, in which biofilm-forming sessile cells (SC) is distinguished from floating cells(FC), showed that biofilm was detected in all strains including 21 environmental isolates and 10 clinical isolates except one environmental isolates.3.Disinfectant(benzethonium chloride and chlorhexidine digluconate)-sensitivity test showed that survival rates of SC are significantly higher than those of FC.4.The higher survival rates of SC is shown more clearly in the clinical isolates, suggesting that recontamination of health-care environments with the clinical isolates should be avoided.Secondly, we compared three genotyping methods, random amplified polymorphic DNA polymerase chain reaction method(RAPD-PCR) using three different primers(pr 1 to 3), pursed field gel electrophoresis method(PFGE) and infrequent restriction site PCR method(IRS-PCR), to select a simple and easy one for the infection control nurses(ICN) using 16 stains of Serracia marcescens (Sm). The main findings are summarized as follows.1.16 strains were distinguished to 15 types, 13 types, 9 types and 7 types in the RAPD-PCR (pr 1), RAPD-PCR(pr 2) and PFGE, IRS-PCR, and RAPD-PCR(pr 3), respectively.2.These data indicate that strain-distinguishing efficiency of RAPD-PCR is almost comparable to that of PFGE if an appropriated primer is constructed. However, RAPD-PCR has more merits than PFGE from the aspects of time consumption (2 days versus 7 days) and simplicity.3.In summary, RAPD-PCR should be recommended for ICN to search the sources and disseminating routes of hospital-acquired infection.

首先，我们调查了生物膜形成，环境细菌的生态特性，对消毒剂的敏感性使用铜绿假单胞菌（Ps）之间的关系。主要结果如下：1.从29处场所中分离到21处Ps，其中包括护士站的水塞和排水区，以及小便冲洗和洗浴区。2.聚四氟乙烯片试验，其中生物膜形成固着细胞（SC）和漂浮细胞（FC）的区别，结果表明，除1株环境分离株外，21株环境分离株和10株临床分离株均被生物膜覆盖（苄索氯铵和葡萄糖酸氯己定）敏感试验显示SC的存活率显著高于FC。4. SC的存活率在临床分离株中表现得更为明显，其次，比较了随机扩增多态性DNA聚合酶链反应（RAPD）、PCR和PCR三种基因分型方法的优缺点使用三种不同引物的RAPD-PCR（pr 1 ~ 3）、脉冲场凝胶电泳法（PFGE）和罕见限制性酶切位点PCR法（IRS-PCR），目的：用16株粘质沙雷氏菌（Sm）为感染控制护士（ICN）选择一种简便易行的方法。结果表明：1.16个菌株在RAPD-PCR（pr 1）、RAPD-PCR（pr 2）和PFGE、IRS-PCR和RAPD-PCR（pr 3）中分别被分为15型、13型、9型和7型。RAPD-PCR在时间（2 d）、简便性等方面优于PFGE。3. RAPD-PCR可作为ICN医院感染源及传播途径的检测方法。

项目成果

Sakai M., Kitagawa Y., Yoshida I., Nakagawa T., Ochiai H et al.: "Bacteriological study on the contamination of flower vase water"The Journal of the Nursing Society of the Toyama Medical and Pharmaceutical University. 5(1). 41-48 (2003)

酒井M.、北川Y.、吉田I.、中川T.、落合H等：“花瓶水污染的细菌学研究”富山医科药科大学护理学会杂志。

介護職員の健康食品に関する意識調査

护理人员保健食品认知情况调查

• 发表时间: 2004
• 期刊: 富山医科薬科大学看護学会誌 5
• 作者: 佐藤美友紀;片田裕子;上田京佳;今西信子;落合 宏
• 通讯作者: 落合 宏

分子疫学的手法によるセラチア菌の識別とその精度に関する研究〜ICNへの導入の視点から〜

利用分子流行病学方法对沙雷氏菌的鉴定及其准确性的研究~从ICN介绍的角度~

• 发表时间: 2005
• 期刊: 富山医科薬科大学看護学会誌 6(印刷中)
• 作者: 上田京佳;佐藤美友紀;片田裕子;今西信子;落合 宏
• 通讯作者: 落合 宏

Study On the present status concerning interest and apprehension in the Health foods in healthcare personnel in Toyama Prefecture.

富山县医护人员对保健食品的兴趣与担忧现状研究

• 发表时间: 2004
• 期刊: Journal of Nursing Society of Toyama Medical and Pharmaceutical University 5
• 作者: Sato M.;Katada Y.;Ueda K.;Imanishi N.;Ochiai H.
• 通讯作者: Ochiai H.

環境由来およびヒト由来緑膿菌のバイオフィルム形成能と消毒薬感受性に関する研究.

环境和人源铜绿假单胞菌生物膜形成能力及消毒敏感性研究。

• 发表时间: 2005
• 期刊: 富山医科薬科大学看護学会誌 6(1)
• 作者: 片田裕子;佐藤美友紀;今西信子;吉井美穂;落合宏
• 通讯作者: 落合宏