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Investigation of ancient settlements and bronze artifacts by geophysical prospecting methods

地球物理勘探方法对古代聚落和青铜器的调查

基本信息

批准号：
04214205
负责人：
NISHIMURA Yasushi
金额：
$ 22.4万
依托单位：
Nara National Research Institute for Cultural Properties
依托单位国家：
日本
项目类别：
Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research on Priority Areas
财政年份：
1992
资助国家：
日本
起止时间：
1992 至 1996
项目状态：
已结题

项目摘要

There are several purposes for applying geophysical prospecting methods in archaeological research :1) To define the area of ancient palace, local government, temple and settlement sites, which occupy large spatial areas by using geophysical prospecting methods effectively and precisely. For archaeological research and excavation on these sites, it is difficult to identify the boundaries and inner structure by using common excavation procedures, becouse of the immense amount of time required to excavate such large areas, as well as from limitations of excavation budgets. For geophysical surveying to be able to map the subsurface archaeology, contrasts between the surrounding subsoils and the archaeological targets is required.The physical phenomena which geophysical equipment can measure contrasts in subsurface materials include soil resistanse, susceptibility, dielectric and conductivity (ehich is important in the reflection and attenuation of microwaves).2) To identify the location where bronze objects, common in Yayoi period, are buried randomly within a site. Because of these archaeological conditions, it is difficult to estimate the exact location where the artifact is buried by simple observation of the ground surface. To help the research of those wide area archaeological sites and to locate bronze artifacts, geophysical surveying methods such as resistivity, magnetometry, GPR (ground penetrating redar) and electromagnetic method (EM) were employed in this program to accomplish the research objective.A final conclusion based on the research indicates that it is important to employ GPR first for identifying subsurface structures and to apply resistivity and magnetometry method as a way to corroborate the results first recognized in the GPR survey. For locating bronze artifacts, the EM method is effective, and GPR,resistivity, magnetometry can provide the additional information for understanding the location where they are buried.

物探方法在考古研究中的应用有以下几个目的：1)利用物探方法有效、准确地确定占据较大空间面积的古代宫殿、地方政府、寺庙和聚落遗址的面积。在对这些遗址进行考古研究和挖掘时，由于挖掘这么大的区域需要大量的时间，以及挖掘预算的限制，很难用一般的挖掘程序来确定边界和内部结构。为了使地球物理测量能够绘制地下考古地图，需要将周围的底土与考古目标进行对比。地球物理设备可以测量地下物质的物理现象，包括土壤电阻、磁化率、介电和电导率（这在微波的反射和衰减中很重要）。2)确定弥生时代常见的青铜器在遗址内随机埋藏的位置。由于这些考古条件，很难通过简单的地面观察来估计人工制品的确切埋藏位置。为了帮助广大地区考古遗址的研究和青铜器的定位，本项目采用了电阻率、磁强计、探地雷达、电磁等地球物理测量方法来完成研究目标。研究结果表明，首先利用探地雷达识别地下构造，并利用电阻率和磁强法对探地雷达调查中首先识别的结果进行确证是非常重要的。对于青铜文物的定位，EM方法是有效的，GPR，电阻率，磁强计可以提供额外的信息，以了解它们被埋的位置。