Migrant Health at the Borders in Times of COVID-19: Assessing Gaps, Needs and Priorities in the Implementation of Human Rights-based Health Policies and Programs in the Andean Region of Latin America.

COVID-19 时期边境的移民健康：评估拉丁美洲安第斯地区实施基于人权的卫生政策和计划的差距、需求和优先事项。

• 批准号: 468252559
• 负责人: Professor Dr. Michael Knipper
• 金额: --
• 依托单位: Universidad de Antioquia
• 依托单位国家: 德国
• 项目类别: Research Grants
• 财政年份: 2021
• 资助国家: 德国
• 起止时间: 2020-12-31 至 2022-12-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://gepris.dfg.de/gepris/projekt/468252559?language=en
• 关键词: Migrant; Health; Borders; Times; COVID

The main objective of this research proposal is to advance knowledge on practical applications of human rights-based approaches to health for highly vulnerable people during the COVID-19-pandemic in the Global South: migrants of multiple types (refugees, displaced persons, undocumented migrants, and others). The regional focus is on border areas of the Andean countries Colombia, Ecuador, Peru, Bolivia and Chile, in close cooperation with local researchers, civil society and multilateral organization, namely the Pan American Health Organization (PAHO, Regional Office of the World Health Organization for the Americas).The elevated vulnerability of refugees and migrants for the health and socio-economic impact of the pandemic has been widely documented. Latin America is among the regions with the highest burden of the pandemic globally. In the Andean region, this coincides with one of the biggest refugee crises in the world: over five million people fled violence, oppression and hunger in Venezuela in recent years. Colombia alone is host to about 1.7 million people from Venezuela, yet also Ecuador, Peru, Bolivia and Chile are affected. The specific goal of the project is to develop a comparative approach for analyzing the implementation of human-rights-based approaches to migrants’ health on the level of policy, practice and local impact, with a particular focus on border zones in the Andean Region of Latin America. Border regions are hotspots of migration dynamics and thus areas where both the challenges and the experiences by local actors (municipalities, civil society, migrant groups) of dealing with this situation are particularly apparent, yet specific research is scarce. At the same time, initiatives for international cooperation among the Andean countries have been established, supported by international agencies like PAHO. By multi-method approach, that combines policy analysis with field work (case studies in selected border regions), the following question regarding the implementation-gap of human-rights-based approaches to health are addressed: How are existing human-rights-based policies and programs implemented, on regional, national and local level, and what is the impact of the pandemic on policies and practices? What initiatives are ruled out in the border regions, how do they relate to human-right based policies and standards, and what is the impact of the pandemic on these initiatives? Do previous experiences with human-rights-based approaches in the field inform the Covd-19 response, both in regard to the general population and to migrants? What are, finally, the local experiences, perceived gaps and impact of and with human-rights-based approaches to migrant health in times of the pandemic in selected sites at the borders in the Andean region. The major output of the research will consist in academic publications (with Lancet Migration), as well as policy briefs for local, national, and multilateral institutions.

这一研究提案的主要目标是，在2019冠状病毒病大流行期间，促进对全球南方高度弱势群体(多种类型的移徙者（难民、流离失所者、无证移徙者等）实际应用基于人权的卫生方法的了解。该区域的重点是安第斯国家哥伦比亚、厄瓜多尔、秘鲁、玻利维亚和智利的边境地区，与当地研究人员、民间社会和多边组织，即泛美卫生组织（泛美卫生组织，世界卫生组织美洲区域办事处）密切合作。难民和移民更容易受到这一大流行病对健康和社会经济的影响，这一点已得到广泛记录。拉丁美洲是全球大流行负担最重的区域之一。在安第斯地区，这恰逢世界上最大的难民危机之一：近年来，委内瑞拉有500多万人逃离暴力、压迫和饥饿。仅哥伦比亚就收容了大约170万委内瑞拉人，厄瓜多尔、秘鲁、玻利维亚和智利也受到影响。该项目的具体目标是制定一种比较方法，从政策、做法和地方影响的层面分析基于人权的移徙者健康做法的执行情况，特别侧重于拉丁美洲安第斯地区的边境地区。边境地区是移民动态的热点地区，因此在这些地区，当地行动者（市政当局、民间社会、移民群体）处理这一情况的挑战和经验都特别明显，但具体的研究却很少。与此同时，在泛美卫生组织等国际机构的支持下，安第斯国家之间建立了国际合作倡议。通过将政策分析与实地工作（在选定的边境地区进行个案研究）结合起来的多方法方法，解决了以下关于基于人权的保健方法在执行方面存在差距的问题：现有的基于人权的政策和方案是如何在区域、国家和地方各级执行的，以及大流行病对政策和做法的影响是什么？哪些倡议在边境地区被排除在外？这些倡议与基于人权的政策和标准有何关系？疫情对这些倡议有何影响？以往在实地采用基于人权的方法的经验是否对针对一般人群和移民的2019冠状病毒病应对具有借鉴意义？最后，在安第斯区域边界的选定地点，在大流行病期间，对移徙者健康采取基于人权的办法的当地经验、差距和影响是什么？这项研究的主要成果将包括学术出版物（《柳叶刀-移民》）以及为地方、国家和多边机构编写的政策简报。