Use of Ghrelin and Telomerase Activation for Diagnosis of Early-stage Gastric Cancers and Development of Treatment

由于淋巴结中的转移随着癌细胞的侵入而增加，因此使用视觉或超声内窥镜对癌细胞的侵入深度进行内窥镜诊断，以及基于内窥镜检查的结果推测存在的淋巴结中的转移是决定早期胃癌的治疗方法的关键因素。虽然手术内窥镜检查适用于胃癌早期的大多数粘膜癌（m-癌），但对于粘膜下癌（sm-癌），在许多情况下已进行手术切除，并已寻求使用内窥镜的替代治疗方法用于sm-癌。我们寻求一种有效的辅助诊断方法来确定治疗方法。我们研究了122例粘膜下癌患者在我院手术。我们对通过活检和病灶切除获得满意标本的病例进行了癌基因表达和端粒酶检测 ...更多信息 癌基因表达：采用免疫组织化学方法检测癌组织中c-erb 2、c-met、nm 23、FTS-1、APC基因和端粒酶（k-67）的表达。尽管活检标本和切除标本中各抗体的癌细胞表达存在一定的相关性，但福尔马林包埋固定切除标本中抗原性的丧失以及各癌细胞是否具有异质性的癌细胞表达没有显著差异。比较sm-1和sm-2癌细胞浸润深度，sm-2癌细胞c-erb 2、c-met、nm 23、FTS-1、APC基因和端粒酶（k-67）表达均强于sm-1。人端粒酶逆转录酶：采用实时荧光定量PCR法检测人端粒酶逆转录酶mRNA，将分光光度计测得的值与标准RNA值进行比较，计算hTRT和mRNA的定量值。浸润深度与淋巴结转移无明显关系（sm-1和sm-2）和这些因素：1）ghrelin和端粒酶活化的定量差异，2）使用癌基因抗体通过免疫酶技术比较sm-1和sm-2中癌细胞的表达，3）组织病理学质地和ghrelin的表达因此，尽管活检和切除标本中癌细胞的表达可以作为推测早期胃癌淋巴结转移存在的辅助因素，人端粒酶逆转录酶mRNA表达的定量差异与肿瘤的发生无明显关系。这是今后研究的一个问题。少

Since metastasis in lymph nodes increases with invasion of carcinoma cells, endoscopic diagnosis of the depth of invasion of carcinoma cells using a visual or ultrasonic endoscope, and metastasis in lymph nodes presumed to exist based on the results of an endoscopy are critical factors for determining the method of treatment for early-stage gastric cancers. Although operative endoscopy is appropriate for most mucosal carcinomas (m-cancers) in the early stage of gastric cancer, for submucosal carcinomas (sm-cancers), surgical resection has been conducted in many cases, and alternative treatment methods using an endoscope have been sought for sm-cancers. We sought an effective auxiliary diagnosis method for determining the treatment. We studied 122 cases of patients with submucosal carcinomas who had surgical operations in our hospital. We examined the cases for which satisfactory specimens were obtained through biopsy and resection of lesion for oncogene expression and human telomerase … More reverse transcriptase.Oncogene expression:We conducted immunohistochemical staining using antibodies of c erb2 c met nm23 FTS -1 APC gene and telomerase (k-67) to examine for oncogene expression in the biopsy and resection specimens. Although there is some relevance for expression of carcinoma cells by each antibody in biopsied specimens and resected specimens, there is no significant difference in the loss of antigenecity in the resected specimen by formalin embedded fixation, and in the expression of carcinoma cells whether each carcinoma cell has heterogeneity. In the comparison of the invasion depths of carcinoma cells between sm-1 and sm-2, expression of c erb2 c met nm23 FTS -1 APC gene and telomerase (k-67) in sm-2 was stronger than that in sm-1. There was no specific tendency in histopathological classification (differentiated or undifferentiated carcinomas).Human telomerase reverse transcriptase:Human telomerase reverse transcriptase mRNA was measured using real-time PCR, and values measured by a spectrophotometer were compared with the value of the standard RNA to calculate the quantitative value of hTRT and mRNA. There is no significant relationship between metastasis in lymph node based on the invasion depth (sm-1 and sm-2) and these factors : 1) quantitative difference of ghrelin and telomerase activation, 2) comparison of expression of carcinoma cells in sm-1 and sm-2 by immunoenzymatic technique using oncogene antibodies for 3) histopathological texture and expression of ghrelin (by immunoenzymatic technique).Consequently, although the expression of carcinoma cells in the biopsied and resected specimens can be an auxiliary factor in speculation about the existence of lymph-node metastasis of early-stage gastric cancers, there was no significant relationship with a quantitative difference in the expression of human telomerase reverse transcriptase mRNA. This is an issue for future study. Less