Trace element analysis, focused on contaminated elements, of oral mucosa of patents with oral lichen planus by PIXE method

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1.We made a Comparative study of the trace elements in oral mucosae of 22 patients with oral lichen planus (OLPgroup) and of 100 healthy persons (control group) by Particle Induced X-Ray Emission (PIXE) method.2.We detected 17 trace elements and 11 contaminated elements in the oral mucosae of both groups.3.The mean values of Se and Rb were significantly lower in the OLP group than in the control group. As for the females over 30 years old, the OLP group showed significantly higher values of Zn and Sr than the control group. The mean values of the other essential and contaminated elements did not differ significantly between the groups, although there was a trend toward higher values in the OLP group.4.We found by the PIXE method that Zn, Fe and Pd, which are d-transitional elements and considered to cause allergic reaction, showed higher values in the oral mucosae of the OLP patients than in those of the healthy persons.5. As to the trace elements in the normal mucosae, Si, Cr, Mn, Fe, Ni, Cu, Zn and Se were detected in greater than 800o of the samples. As to the ultratrace elements, Br and Rb were detected in greater than 90% of the samples.6.Al and Pb were detected in all the samples of normal oral mucosae. In the mean value of Al, the females under 39 years old showed a higher value than the females over 40 years old. In the mean value of Pb, the males over 40 years old showed a higher value than the females over 40 years old. The concentration of Al had a tendency to decrease with aging, while that of Pb had a tendency to increase. The concentration values of Al and Pb showed no significant differences between the two subgroups of normal mucosae with and without metallic prosthetic restorations.