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The international context in the formation of post socialist legal system : A comparative study of Poland and Russia

后社会主义法律体系形成的国际背景:波兰与俄罗斯的比较研究

基本信息

批准号：
16530002
负责人：
KOMORIDA Akio
金额：
$ 1.54万
依托单位：
The University of Tokyo
依托单位国家：
日本
项目类别：
Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (C)
财政年份：
2004
资助国家：
日本
起止时间：
2004 至 2006
项目状态：
已结题

项目摘要

(1)Three types of relationships between the influencing side (international elements) and the influenced one in the process of formation of legal system in the post-socialist countries, were extracted; (1)type of realization of supranational legal community membership, (2)type of conditionarities in financial supports and (3)type of intellectual exchange. On the basis of such a typology, similarities and differences between Poland and Russia were examined.(2)As case studies of each type, Council of Europe and European Court of Human Rights (type(1)), pension reforms (type(2)) and so-called "percent law" (type(3)) examined in case of Poland.(3)As to a type of realization of supranational legal community membership, the problem of EU accession of Poland was examined in detail as its typical case. Special attention was paid to constitutional issues which were given rise to in the process of this accession and the decisions of Constitutional Tribunal on these issues were examined. Discours around Treaty for European Constitution as the first case, in which Poland stood on the reverse, influencing side to European law as a member country.(4)The analytical model of restructuring of legal system and typology of international influences, presented in this project on the bases of Polish and Russian cases, can be used as a benchmark in analysing "legal assistance" in Asia in comparison with experiences in Europe.

(1)提取了后社会主义国家法制形成过程中影响方（国际要素）与被影响方之间的三种关系；(1)超国家法律共同体成员的实现类型；(2)财政支持的条件类型；(3)知识交流类型。在这种类型的基础上，波兰和俄罗斯之间的异同进行了研究。(2)作为每种类型的案例研究，欧洲委员会和欧洲人权法院（类型(1)），养老金改革（类型(2)）和所谓的“百分比法”（类型(3)）在波兰的案例中进行了审查。(3)作为超国家法律共同体成员身份的一种实现形式，以波兰加入欧盟问题为典型案例进行了详细考察。特别注意了在加入过程中产生的宪法问题，并审查了宪法法庭关于这些问题的决定。围绕《欧洲宪法条约》作为第一个案例展开论述，其中波兰作为欧盟成员国站在反面，对欧洲法律产生影响。(4)本项目在波兰和俄罗斯案例的基础上提出的法律制度重构和国际影响类型分析模型，可以作为对比欧洲经验分析亚洲“法律援助”的基准。