A study of the development of professional law in early modern Japan

根据研究计划，我努力调查未出版的法律材料，以澄清近代日本专业法的发展。在这个项目期间，我收集了5200多份缩微胶片和缩微胶片的复印件，1000多张数码照片，大约530份复印件的手稿。我还在二手书店购买了30多本江户和明治早期的印刷书籍或手稿。内容非常多样，既有官方或私人编写的法律书籍，也有法律书记员准备并提交给上级的法律文件。通过对这些资料的整理和分析，取得的主要成果如下：(1)厘清了被认为是德川幕府最重要的法律书记员--议事厅记录官(Hyojosho-Tomeyaku)和干乔宫加希拉(Hyojosho-Tomeyaku-Kanjokumashira)的日常工作。(2)论述了判例法的发展和法务书记员在德川幕府审讯程序中的作用。(3)论证了当事人在对抗庭内外的活动，他们的法律意识和权利观念。(4)我通过收集表格和草稿，澄清了大阪地方知事办公室的司法和法律实践的细节。(5)我澄清了议事厅(会议厅)、地方知事办公室(市知事办公室)、大阪地方知事办公室和其他地方知事办公室(偏远省份地方知事办公室)的部分司法统计数据。其中一些结果已经在论文、公开讲座和研讨会中公布。《研究报告》载有司法统计重要材料的四份复印件。

According to the research plan, I made an effort to investigate unpublished legal materials that would clarify the development of professional law in early modern Japan. During the term of this project, I collected over 5,200 photocopies from microfilm and microfiche, over 1,000 frames of digital photographs, about 530 manuscript papers of duplicates. And I also purchased more than 30 printed books or manuscripts of Edo and early Meiji era at used bookstores. The contents are extremely various, including not only the law books compiled officially or privately, but also legal documents prepared and submitted to superiors by legal clerks. The main results achieved by arranging and analyzing those materials are as follows:(1) I clarified the routine works of hyojosho-tomeyaku (recording officer in the Conference Chamber) and hyojosho-tomeyaku-kanjokumigashira (the head of hyojosho-tomeyaku), who are considered to be the most important legal clerks of the Tokugawa Shogunate.(2) I argued the development of case law and the role of legal clerks in the inquisitorial procedure of Tokugawa Shogunate.(3) I argued the litigant's activities inside and outside of the court of adversary proceedings, their sense of law and conception of rights.(4) I clarified the detail of judicial and legal practice at Osaka-machibugyosho (the Osaka Town Magistrate's Office) by using collections of forms and drafts.(5) I clarified a part of the judicial statistics of Hyojosho (the Conference Chamber), Machi-bugyosho (Town Magistrate's Office), Osaka Machi-bugyosho and the other Ongoku-bugyosho (Magistrate's Office of Distant Provinces).Some of these results were already announced in essays, open lectures and a symposium. Four duplicates of the important materials with judicial statistics are contained in the Research Report.