Development and application of high-performance ion-selective electrodes

离子选择性电极的开发和应用仍然是一个焦点领域。本研究通过对杯[6]芳烃六乙酸六乙酯的上环进行烷基修饰，制备了有机铵离子选择性电极。我们发现，取代大的烷基基团，使简单的脂肪族铵离子，如甲基铵和乙基铵的更有效的歧视。特别地，基于对1，1，3，3-四甲基丁基杯[6]芳烃-六乙酸六乙酯的电极在各种有机铵离子和无机阳离子中显示出对甲基铵的最高响应。我们进一步开发了5-羟色胺和mexilovine电极使用这些胺的NH 3+基团和磷化合物的磷酰基（P=O）基团中的负极性氧原子之间的静电相互作用。在一系列含有P=0基团的磷化合物中，三聚磷酸三钠（tris（2-乙基己基）氧化膦和S，S，S-三（2-乙基己基）三硫代磷酸盐被证明分别有效地用于构建5-羟色胺和mexilethyl电极。为了评价抗菌肽形成通道的能力，我们同时使用了K+和四苯基鏻电极（或更一般地增加渗透性）和原位消除细菌细胞质膜中的膜电位。此外，同时测量由生物活性物质诱导的脂质体对K+和钙黄绿素的渗透性的变化，以使用不同尺寸的标记物快速筛选膜中形成的孔的尺寸。并应用K+电极分析非甾体抗炎药介导的胃粘膜细胞损伤。

The development and application of ion-selective electrodes continue to be an area of focus. In this study, we developed organic ammonium ion-selective electrodes by modifying the upper rim of calix[6]arene.hexaacetic acid hexaethyl ester with various alkyl substituents. We found that the substitution of bulkier alkyl groups enabled a more effective discrimination of simple aliphatic ammonium ions such as methylammonium and ethylammonium. In particular, an electrode based on p.1,1,3,3-tetramethylbutylcalix[6]arene-hexaacetic acid hexaethyl ester showed the highest response to methylammonium among various organic ammonium ions and inorganic cations. We further developed serotonin and mexiletine electrodes using the electrostatic interaction between the NH3+ group of these amines and the negatively polarized oxygen atoms in the phosphoryl (P=O) groups of phosphorus compounds. Among a series of the phosphorus compounds containing P=0 groups, tris(2-ethylhexyl)phosphine oxide and S, S, S-tris(2-ethylhexyl) phospho otrithioate proved to be effective for constructing serotonin and mexiletine electrodes, respectively.As for the application of ion-selective electrodes, we used K+ and tetraphenylphosphonium electrodes simultaneously in order to evaluate the ability of antimicrobial peptides to form channels (or more generally to increase permeability) and to abolish membrane potential in bacterial cytoplasmic membranes in situ. Furthermore, the changes induced by biologically active substances in the permeability to K+ and calcein of liposomes were measured simultaneously in order to rapidly screen the sizes of pores formed in a membrane, using different sized markers. We also applied K+ electrode to analyze gastric mucosal cell damage mediated by non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs.