Development and application of ion-selective electrodes

离子选择性电极在化学和医学分析中的应用仍然是一个焦点领域。我们有兴趣将这些电极应用于治疗药物监测，这是药物治疗的基础，因为它可以用于调整具有类似治疗和毒性浓度范围的药物剂量。在这里，我们介绍了新的离子选择性电极来监测抗癫痫溴，抗癫痫普鲁卡因胺和溴苄铵，抗炎水杨酸盐的血液水平。结果与比色法、荧光偏振免疫分析法或气相色谱分析法所得结果具有良好的相关性。对于治疗药物监测，据称测定药物的游离浓度比测定药物的总浓度在生理学上更相关（即，游离药物浓度和与蛋白质结合的药物浓度之和）。因此，该方法非常有用，因为电极仅对自由浓度有响应。我们比较了血清样品中水杨酸盐的自由浓度测定的水杨酸盐电极与比色法。在水杨酸盐浓度范围为0.1 - 2.5 mM的相关性良好。比色法需要去蛋白来估计血清样品中的游离水杨酸盐浓度，而使用电极的方法则不需要。因此，本方法更简单，快速和经济，因此，在临床环境中的治疗药物监测是有用的。通过本研究获得的其他结果也已发表（见参考文献）。

The use of ion-selective electrodes for chemical and medical analyzes continues to be an area of focus. We are interested in applying these electrodes to therapeutic drug monitoring, which is fundamental to pharmacotherapy, as it can be used to adjust the doses of drugs with similar therapeutic and toxic concentration ranges. Here, we introduced new ion-selective electrodes to monitor blood levels of the antiepileptic bromide, the antiarrhythmic procainamide and bretylium, and the anti-inflammatory salicylate. The results correlated well with those obtained by colorimetry, fluorescence polarization immunoassay or gas chromatographic analysis.For therapeutic drug monitoring, determining the free concentration of a drug is claimed to be physiologically more relevant than that of total concentration of drug (i.e., the sum of the concentration of the free drug and that bound to protein) . Thus, this method is very useful since the electrode is responsive only to free concentration. We compared the free concentrations of salicylate in serum samples determined by a salicylate electrode with those determined by colorimetry. The correlation was good in the salicylate concentration range of 0.1-2.5 mM.The colorimetric method requires deproteinization to estimate the free salicylate concentrations in serum sample, whereas the method using the electrode does not. Thus, the present method is more simple, rapid and economical and, thus, useful for therapeutic drug monitoring in a clinical setting.We described here only the results of therapeutic drug monitoring. Other results obtained through the present study have also been published (see references) .