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Determination of the reasons causing elderly adults in the community to be housebound: Establishment of an intervention program

确定社区老年人足不出户的原因：制定干预计划

基本信息

批准号：
16592201
负责人：
AZUMA Reiko
金额：
$ 1.28万
依托单位：
Yamaguchi University
依托单位国家：
日本
项目类别：
Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (C)
财政年份：
2004
资助国家：
日本
起止时间：
2004 至 2006
项目状态：
已结题

来源：
https://kaken.nii.ac.jp/en/grant/KAKENHI-PROJECT-16592201/
关键词：
elderly housebound factor intervention program coaching 介入方法 QOL

项目摘要

This Study was conducted on 311 senior citizens who did not have the certification of long-term need. The survey showed that 77 subjects (24.8%) were housebound due to the following 8 factors : daily life with less independence ; inconvenient transportation facilities ; assistance required for outings ; great age ; high rate of SDS ; low subjective health performance ; and tiredness from going out.The univariate analysis showed that the housebound adults had a high propensity to have problems such as pain in the knee or hip; anxiety about urinary incontinence or frequency of micturition ; decreased vision; deafness ; tiredness from outings ; sense of shame ; fear of falling; having no taste ; having few friends ; and having a meal alone.Current community health services are not enough to deal with loss of elderly confidence because of role changes or feelings of alienation as they decrease physically leading to being housebound. It is clear we need interventions for the elderly so that they realize again they are the important members of the society, able to participate in social activities with confidence.This study created and conducted an intervention coaching program for enhancing the self-efficacy of the elderly. Consent to cooperate in the intervention program was gained from 14 subjects, who participated in 2 groups (7 subjects each) 5 times (2 hours each time) over 2 months.Self-esteem and depression scale was utilized before and after the program to obtain feedback from the subjects. However data was collected from only from 7 subjects, which was not sufficient for statistical analysis. However, the depression scale of all 7 subjects had improved, and self esteem improved in 4 but decreased in 3.Major comments from subjects after the program included^* "It was fun.", "It was uplifting." and "I feel confident." There were no negative comments.

本研究针对 311 名没有长期需要证明的老年人进行。调查显示，77名受访者（24.8%）因以下8个因素而宅在家里：日常生活独立性较差；交通设施不便；外出需要协助；伟大的时代； SDS率高；主观健康表现低；单变量分析显示，足不出户的成年人更容易出现膝盖或臀部疼痛等问题；对尿失禁或排尿频率的焦虑；视力下降；耳聋;外出劳累；羞耻感；害怕跌倒；没有品味；朋友很少；目前的社区卫生服务不足以应对老年人因角色转变或因体力下降导致足不出户而产生疏远感而丧失信心的问题。显然，我们需要对老年人进行干预，让他们重新认识到自己是社会的重要成员，能够自信地参与社会活动。本研究创建并开展了一项干预辅导计划，以提高老年人的自我效能。 14 名受试者同意配合干预计划，分为 2 组（每组 7 名受试者），历时 2 个月参与 5 次（每次 2 小时）。项目前后采用自尊和抑郁量表获取受试者的反馈。然而，仅从 7 名受试者收集了数据，这不足以进行统计分析。然而，所有 7 名受试者的抑郁量表均有所改善，4 名受试者的自尊心有所改善，但 3 名受试者的自尊心有所下降。项目结束后受试者的主要评论包括^*“这很有趣。”，“这令人振奋。”和“我感到有信心”。没有负面评论。