Development of Educational Contents for Chemical Safety Education and its Application to Educational Practice

针对发展从小学到大学基础课程的各类学校化学安全教育的教育内容，开发了化学示范和实验室教材。通过学校和大学的教育实践评估了这些教材的有用性。通过本研究，得到以下结果：(1)在有害气体安全教育方面，选择二氧化氮作为教材。为了让学生了解二氧化氮的性质和安全处理，开展了“二氧化氮喷泉”和“注射器中的化学平衡”两个学生实验。通过我校的教学实践，对这些教材的有效性进行了评价。(2)研制了国产微波炉加热无机水合物实验，作为加热实验安全教育的新教材。通过对五水合硫酸铜（II）和六水合硝酸钴（II）加热过程的比较，可以看出微波加热实验的危险性。(3)建立了苯磺化的微尺度实验，以指导有毒有机溶剂的正确处理。将该实验应用于某高中学生实验室，对其有效性进行了评价。(4)针对学生实验室化学物质污染情况，开展了以荧光为指示剂的中和滴定实验。通过在该大学的教学实践，对实验的有效性进行了评价。(5)收集各类教材，制作了化工安全教育网页。

Aiming at developing educational contents for chemical safety education at various schools from elementary schools to basic courses at universities, chemical demonstration and teaching materials at laboratories were developed. The usefulness of such teaching materials was evaluated through educational practices at schools and colleges. Through the present study, the following results were obtained.(1) As for the safety education concerning harmful gases, nitrogen dioxide was selected as a teaching material. In order to make students understand properties and safety treatment of nitrogen dioxide, two students' experiments of "fountain of nitrogen dioxide" and "chemical equilibrium in a syringe" were developed. The usefulness of these teaching materials was evaluated through education practice at our university.(2) As a new teaching material for safety education concerning heating experiments, a heating experiment of inorganic hydrates using domestic microwave oven was developed. It was revealed that the danger of the heating experiments using microwave oven can be recognized by comparing the heating processes of copper (II) sulfate pentahydrate and cobalt (II) nitrate hexahydrate.(3) A microscale experiment of sulfonation of benzene was developed for teaching the proper treatment of toxic organic solvents. By applying the experiment to students' laboratory at a high school, the usefulness was evaluated.(4) For introducing the pollution of chemical substances at students' laboratory, an experiment of neutralization titration using fluorescence as an indicator was developed. Through educational practice at the university, the usefulness of the experiment was evaluated.(5) A web page of chemical safety education was developed by collecting various teaching materials.