Diagnosis and monitoring of acute rejection after lung transplantation

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Accurate diagnosis of acute rejection, reperfusion injury, or pulmonary infection is difficult in the postoperative acute phase in the lung transplantation. We investigate the clinical utility of flow cytometry for surface antigen (CD3, CD4, CD8, CD25, CD69, CD45RA, CD45RO) on peripheral blood lymphocytes in order to diagnose the posttransplant status of patients. Also, the effect of anti-CD25 antibody administration was discussed. We found no evident change of CD4/CD8 ratio, CD25 expression, CD69 expression, and the proportion of CD45RA/RO in the patient with stable course. CD28 expression level decreased during the 1st month after transplant and this tendency was predominantly found in CD8 T cells as compared to CD4 subset. In a patient suffering interstitial pneumonia, increase of CD25 expression in CD4 T cells and increase of CD69 expression in CD8 T cells were shown. CD25 expression might be suppressed by CD25 antibody administration.