The Story of King Yaśōdhara in the Religious and Cultural Environment of Karnāṭaka

卡纳卡宗教文化环境中雅阿达拉国王的故事

• 批准号: 493368931
• 负责人: Dr. Anna Aurelia Esposito
• 金额: --
• 依托单位: Lehrstuhl für Indologie
• 依托单位国家: 德国
• 项目类别: Research Grants
• 资助国家: 德国
• 项目状态: 未结题
• 来源: https://gepris.dfg.de/gepris/projekt/493368931?language=en
• 关键词: Story; King; Ya; dhara; Religious

This project focusses on the Yaśōdharacarite (“The Story of [King] Yaśōdhara”) of Janna - a key text in Kanarese literature, created during a time of transition in Karnāṭaka: While until the end of the first millennium the members of the ruling dynasties were predominantly close to Jainism, towards the middle of the 12th century the Vīraśaivas gained more and more power. The strengthening of the Vīraśaivas demanded a counter-reaction from the Jainas, a confrontation with and clear dissociation from the values and rituals of their rivals. In this tense environment, Janna - court poet, minister and army commander under the Hoysaḷa kings Ballāḷa II (1173-1220) and Nārasiṃha II (1220-1235) - chose the story of King Yaśōdhara 1209 as the subject of his first major poem. King Yaśōdhara, who as a result of a symbolic act of violence - the sacrifice of a cock made of dough - has to suffer the most terrible rebirths and cruel ways of death, is an ideal example for the propagation of the concept of ahiṃsā, non-violence in deeds, words and thoughts, which is central to Jainism. By exploring this text, an important contribution will be made to the study of the particular interactions between religious currents that take place through literary communication. Questions of political influence, of rivalry for patronage and of legitimacy, which played a central role in medieval India alongside religious interests, will be examined from the perspective of the Yaśōdharacarite and its author. New insights into the continuity of tensions between Jainism and the various Hindu traditions from the Middle Ages to modern times will be gained by investigating the Jīvadayāṣṭamī-nōmpu, which – with Janna’s Yaśōdharacarite as the central text – formed as a kind of “counter-ritual” in clear dissociation to the violent practices of the Hindu Navarātrī; this ritual has so far received little attention in research. In addition to these aspects, processes of vernacularisation and regionalisation will be studied on the basis of the Yaśōdharacarite, which stands at the crossroads of pan-Indian and regional literary culture: Here too, this work occupies a key position between chronologically preceding texts in the supra-regional languages of Sanskrit, Jaina-Mahārāṣṭrī and Apabhraṃśa and a lively literary tradition in Kannaḍa. Questions of translation, transmission and adaptation in the South Asian region will also be included in this project, as will an analysis of Janna’s Yaśōdharacarite from the point of view of “adaptive reuse”, which will provide important insights into Janna’s religious and political environment.

这个项目集中在简那的YaśōDharacarite(“[国王]YaśōDhara的故事”)-Kanarese文学中的一个关键文本，在Karnāṭ又名过渡时期创建：虽然直到第一个千年结束，统治朝代的成员主要是接近斋戒教，到12世纪中叶，Vīraśaivas获得了越来越多的权力。VīraśAvas的加强需要斋戒教徒的反击，与他们的对手的价值观和仪式对抗，并明显脱离他们的价值观和仪式。在这种紧张的环境下，简纳--在Hoysaḷa King Ballāḷa II(1173年-1220年)和NāRasiṃha II(1220年-1235年)手下的宫廷诗人、部长和军队指挥官--选择了YaśōDhara1209国王的故事作为他的第一首主要诗歌的主题。YaśōDhara国王由于象征性的暴力行为--牺牲一只面团制成的公鸡--不得不遭受最可怕的轮回和残酷的死亡方式，他是传播AHIṃSā概念的理想典范，行动、言语和思想上的非暴力是斋戒教的核心。通过对这一文本的探索，将对研究通过文学传播发生的宗教潮流之间的特殊互动做出重要贡献。政治影响、对赞助的竞争和合法性的问题，在中世纪印度与宗教利益一起发挥了核心作用，将从YaśōDharacarite及其作者的角度进行研究。通过调查JīVadayāṣṭamī-nōMPU，将获得对斋戒教和各种印度教传统之间从中世纪到现代之间紧张关系连续性的新见解，它--以简那的YaśōDharacarite为中心文本--形成了一种“反仪式”，明确地与印度教Navarātrī的暴力行为相分离；到目前为止，这种仪式在研究中几乎没有受到关注。除了这些方面，我们还将以YaśōDharacarite为基础研究本土化和地域化的进程，Ya Ja Dharacarite站在泛印度和区域文学文化的十字路口：在这里，这部作品在梵语、Jaina-mahārāṣṭrī和Apabhraṃśa等超区域语言的时间顺序之前的文本和kannaḍa活跃的文学传统之间占有关键地位。南亚地区的翻译、传播和改编问题也将包括在这个项目中，从“适应性再利用”的角度对Jana的YaśōDharacarite进行分析，这将为了解Janna的宗教和政治环境提供重要的见解。