Fluorescence-activated Cell Sorter (FACS)

荧光活化细胞分选是分离不同细胞群的理想技术。在生物技术中，如果与荧光读数相结合，该技术可用于蛋白质（以及潜在的其他生物分子或特性）的定向进化。对于mRNA技术，基于液滴的排序提供了优化序列所需特性的机会，例如提高稳定性和翻译能力。FACS的特点之一是高通量和速度与轻度分离相结合，允许在分选后继续培养细胞。结合下一代RNA测序，细胞分选能够对细胞群进行转录组分析，并迅速向单细胞方向发展。此外，流式细胞术是多功能的分析和定量细胞表面标记。这使得评估和改进生物化学方法和生物正交反应关于它们在活细胞上的标记效率。除了哺乳动物细胞，细菌细胞也可以被分类。这为直接在细胞或细胞表面建立和验证新的分子工具提供了途径。即使是人工囊泡，如果它们在水溶液中可用，也可以通过该技术进行分类，使人工动态系统易于分析。

Fluorescence-activated cell sorting represents an ideal technology for isolation of distinct cell populations. In biotechnology, this technology can be used for directed evolution of proteins (and potentially other biomolecules or properties), if coupled to a fluorescent readout. For the mRNA technology, droplet-based sorting provides the opportunity to optimize sequences regarding desired properties, such as improved stability and translation. One of the hallmarks of FACS is the high throughput and speed in combination with mild isolation, allowing continued cultivation of cells after sorting. In combination with next generation RNA sequencing, cell sorting enables transcriptome analysis of cell populations and is rapidly advancing towards single cells.In addition, flow cytometry is versatile for analysis and quantification of cell surface labeling. This enables to assess and improve biochemical methods and bioorthogonal reactions regarding their labeling efficiency on living cells.In addition to mammalian cells, bacterial cells can be sorted. This provides access to establishing and validating novel molecular tools directly in cells or on the cell surface. Even artificial vesicles can be sorted by this technology, if they are available in aqueous solution, making artificial dynamic systems accessible for analysis.