Analytical Ultracentrifuge

分析超速离心机

• 批准号: 516758822
• 金额: --
• 依托单位: Universität Konstanz
• 依托单位国家: 德国
• 项目类别: Major Research Instrumentation
• 财政年份: 2023
• 资助国家: 德国
• 起止时间: 2022-12-31 至 无数据
• 项目状态: 未结题
• 来源: https://gepris.dfg.de/gepris/projekt/516758822?language=en
• 关键词: Analytical; Ultracentrifuge

An analytical Ultracentrifuge is an instrument for highly precise characterization of disperse systems in a solvent, especially nanoparticles and macromolecules. The sample is separated by the centrifugal field and the distribution of different parameters of the sample is characterized. These are especially distributions of the sedimentation and diffusion coefficient, of the particle size and shape, the molar mass and density. For interacting systems, a characterization of the stoichiometry and equilibrium constants is possible. Since all particles/molecules are detected, the statistical significance of the measurements is very high. The resolution with respect to particle size is in the sub-nm regime. In addition, analytical ultracentrifugation is an absolute method meaning that no reference standards are needed. If a multiwavelength absorption detector is applied, different components in mixtures can be identified by their UV/Vis spectra. In addition, the dependence of the optical properties on the particle size can be directly determined, which is especially valuable for the analysis of metal and semiconductor nanoparticles with size dependent properties.The analytical ultracentrifuge shall be very broadly applied for the characterization of (bio)macromolecules and their interactions, of clusters, nanoparticles and their interactions, self-assembly and even complex fluids. Therefore, the instrument is important for the solution of a variety of scientific problems.

分析型超精密仪器是一种用于高精度表征溶剂中分散体系的仪器，尤其是纳米颗粒和大分子。利用离心力场对样品进行分离，表征了样品不同参数的分布。这些特别是沉降和扩散系数的分布、颗粒尺寸和形状、摩尔质量和密度的分布。对于相互作用的系统，化学计量和平衡常数的表征是可能的。由于检测到所有粒子/分子，因此测量的统计显著性非常高。相对于颗粒尺寸的分辨率处于亚纳米范围。此外，分析超离心是一种绝对方法，意味着不需要参比标准品。如果使用多波长吸收检测器，混合物中的不同组分可以通过其UV/维斯光谱进行鉴别。此外，该方法还可以直接测定纳米颗粒的光学性质，这对于分析具有尺寸依赖性的金属和半导体纳米颗粒具有重要的应用价值，在生物大分子及其相互作用、团簇、纳米颗粒及其相互作用、自组装以及复杂流体的表征中具有广泛的应用前景。因此，该仪器对于解决各种科学问题非常重要。