Japanese Perceptions of Social Justice

我们在全国范围内开展了正义观念调查。我们的主要重点是研究正义感知的工作机制，捕捉日本正义相关情感的具体特征，并描绘其纵向变化。由于日本社会在20世纪90年代发生了巨大的变化，从“繁荣”经济到衰退，从持久的自民党统治到脆弱的联合政府，我们将1997年的调查数据与1991年的调查数据进行了比较。例如，我们发现，人们开始看到贫穷的原因更多的是社会原因。然而，我们普遍发现，尽管社会发生了巨大的变化，但日本人对司法的看法并没有发生太大的变化。然而，当我们比较社会正义氛围的问题时，似乎有更多的人在20世纪90年代感到不公正。我们还发现了“规则”相关判断和“努力”相关态度的特殊作用机制。我们还调查了日本人在“收入分配形象”、“对工作场所性别不平等的看法”和“对少数民族社会政策的看法”方面的特点。

We conducted national survey on perceptions of justice. Our main focus was to investigate the working mechanism of justice perceptions, to capture specific features of Japanese justice-related feelings, and to depict their longitudinal changes.Since Japanese society had changed drastically during 1990's, from the "boom" economy to recession, from the abiding LDP rule to a fragile coalition government, we compared 1997 survey data with 1991 one. We found, for example, that people had come to see the causes of poverty more social ones. However, we generally found that Japanese justice-related perceptions had not changed so much in spite of the drastic social change. However, when we compare the question on social atmosphere of justice, it seems that more people felt injustice in 1990's than in former periods.We also found some special working mechanism of "rule" related judgments and "effort" related attitudes.We also investigated Japanese characteristics on "image of income distribution, " "perceptions of gender inequality in the workplace, " and "opinions about social policies concerning minorities."