A Study on the Analyzing Methods of Driver's Perception of Hazard for Road Planning

制定降低交通事故率的对策对了解每起案件的事故发生地点具有重要意义。为了实现这一点，需要一张显示事故位置并按类型区分事故发生的地图。因此，地理信息系统就是为此而建立的。与以往的研究相比，利用地理信息系统更深入地调查了货车和当地道路黑点发生事故的原因。在确定影响交通事故发生的因素时，不仅要考虑物理因素，更重要的是要考虑人为因素，因为这些因素导致了交通事故率与危险感知之间的非线性关系。为了考察人为因素的影响，对个体对路段危险的感知进行了调查。本研究认为，产生这种关系的原因在于人类对危险的感知。模型的计算结果表明，道路狭窄、车流干扰和人车冲突是造成交通拥堵的主要原因。

The formulation of countermeasures to decrease the traffic accident rate is significantly important to see the location where the accident took place in each case. To realize this, a map which shows the accident locations and distinguishes accident occurrence by type is necessary. The GIS (Geographic Information System) is therefore built for these purposes.With the utilization of the GIS, the causes of accident occurrence at the black spot in the both truck and local roads are investigated more thoroughly than the studies conducted earlier. However, results show that there are few accidents in the road section thought be as dangerous.In the determination of factors affecting traffic accident occurrence, not only physical factors but more importantly, the human factors must be considered since these cause the nonlinear relationships between traffic accident rate and hazard perception. In order to investigate the effect of human factors, a survey is conduced on the individual perception of hazard of road sections. In this study, it is considered that the reason that brought this relationship is due to the human perception of hazard. The results of the models show that the causes are concentrated to the "narrowness of the road", "disturbance of the flow" and "person-car conflicts".