Study of Bubble Nuclei Distribution and Bubble Embolism in Plasma Subjected with Variation of Environmental Pressure

据了解，在高压条件下溶解在人体内的气体从高压环境返回大气时，在血管中产生气泡，减压病因气泡栓塞而引起外周循环紊乱。然而，人们对其机制知之甚少。为了弄清减压病爆发的机理，本研究用库尔特计数法测定了液体中气泡核随压力变化的分布。测试液体包括水、血浆和血液。测试气体有空气、二氧化碳气体、氧气和氦气。结果表明，随着附加气体压力的增大，直径大于10μ m的气泡核增大。在其他气体中，二氧化碳气体的气泡核数量最多。氦气的原子核数最少。等离子体中的泡核数目比水中的多。在血液中，体积较大的泡核数量较水中增加。流动液体中的气泡核数比静态条件下增加了1 ~ 4个数量级，且气泡核数随流速的增加而增加。阐明了气泡栓塞引起减压病的机制。

It is understood that the gases dissolved in human body under the condition of high pressure produced the bubbles in blood vessels as coming back to the atmosphere from an environment of high pressure, and that decompression disease causes disturbances of peripheral circulation due to bubble embolism. However very little is known about the mechanism.In the present study, as the purpose of clarification of mechanism of an outbreak of decompression disease, the distributions of the bubble nuclei in liquids subjected with the variation of pressure are made clear by the coulter counter method. Test liquids are water, plasma and blood. Test gases are air, carbon dioxide gas, oxygen gas and helium gas.Consequently, it is found that the bubble nuclei with diameter more than 10μ m increase with an increment of the additional gas pressure. The number of bubble nuclei of carbon dioxide gas is the most in the other gases. The nuclei number of helium gas is the least. The number of bubble nuclei in plasma is larger than in water. In blood, the number of bubble nuclei with comparatively large size increases compared with that in water. The number of bubble nuclei in flowing liquids increase more than 1〜4 order of magnitude than the static condition, and the nuclei number increases with an increment of flow velocity. The mechanism of bubble embolism which causes decompression disease is clarified.