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Comparative Analysis of Irrigation Management Efficiency in South Asia

南亚灌溉管理效率比较分析

基本信息

批准号：
10041056
负责人：
OSANAMI Fumio
金额：
$ 14.27万
依托单位：
HOKKAIDO UNIVERSITY
依托单位国家：
日本
项目类别：
Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (A).
财政年份：
1998
资助国家：
日本
起止时间：
1998 至 2000
项目状态：
已结题

项目摘要

The purpose of this study was to make clear the economic factors that determine the irrigation efficiency in South Asia.There is no management organization in Sali Nadi irrigation system in Katmandu basin, Nepal. Farmers whose land is located in tail area of the canal are not guaranteed to use irrigation water in dry season. Gross margin in head and middle is 2.5 times higher than in tail of canal. There is inefficiency of Pareto Optimal. There is no water users organization among the farmers who are benefiting from deep tube-well (DTW) irrigation system in Janakapur area. Due to lack of co-operation the water user has to do every thing by him self to convey the irrigation water to his plots. Therefore the shallow tube-well (STW) irrigation system has been introduced to use water more efficiently.Water market is well developed in Bangladesh. The water price has decreased by 35%, so that STW might be under break-even point. Due to reduction of water price, the cost share of farmland in favor of landlord is increased.In Pakistan the problem of water logging and salinity is the result of development of irrigation system without any provision of drainage facility. The investment in drainage projects for controlling this problem has shown the possibility of increase in productivity and cultivability of land. To become more effective, the farmers need more irrigation water and co-operative activities to maintain the irrigation canals.Green revolution was very successful in Sri Lanka, due to irrigation investment since 1960's. New irrigation development and the rehabilitation projects cost has become too expensive. One of the main reasons is high wage rate.We concluded that new water user's rule based on Pareto optimal of water resource allocation is necessary for irrigation management system.

本研究的目的是明确决定南亚灌溉效率的经济因素。尼泊尔加德满都盆地的萨利纳迪灌溉系统没有管理组织。位于运河尾部的农民在旱季不能保证使用灌溉用水。运河头部和中部的毛利率是运河尾部毛利率的2.5倍。帕累托最优是低效的。在Janakapur地区，受益于深管井（DTW）灌溉系统的农民中没有用水组织。由于缺乏合作，用水者必须自己做每一件事来把灌溉水输送到他的土地上。因此，浅管井灌溉系统被引入，以提高水的利用效率。孟加拉国的水市场很发达。水价下降了35%，因此污水处理厂可能处于盈亏平衡点以下。由于水价下降，有利于地主的耕地成本份额增加。在巴基斯坦，涝灾和盐碱化问题是发展灌溉系统而没有提供任何排水设施的结果。为控制这一问题而投资的排水工程显示出提高生产力和土地可耕性的可能性。为了提高效率，农民需要更多的灌溉用水和合作活动来维护灌溉渠。由于1960年代以来的灌溉投资，斯里兰卡的绿色革命非常成功。新的灌溉开发和修复工程的成本已经变得过于昂贵。其中一个主要原因是高工资率。研究结果表明，基于帕累托最优的新用水者规则是灌溉管理系统水资源配置的必要条件。