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Response of Asian Rainforest Ecosystems to Global Change

亚洲雨林生态系统对全球变化的响应

基本信息

批准号：
10041152
负责人：
KOHYAMA Takashi
金额：
$ 11.07万
依托单位：
HOKKAIDO UNIVERSITY
依托单位国家：
日本
项目类别：
Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (A).
财政年份：
1998
资助国家：
日本
起止时间：
1998 至 2000
项目状态：
已结题

项目摘要

Tropical rain forests in Borneo Island support amazing amount of biomass with fast turnover of phytoproduction and tree species diversity. This type of forest ecosystem is experiencing the immense human impact, responding quickly to changing climate and land use. It is thus particularly important to monitor the changing process of tropical rain forests along the purpose of projecting ecosystem change in response to climatic change. This program monitored typical foothill dipterocarp mixed forest, lowland heath forest, and lowland freshwater peat swamp forest in West and Central Kalimantan, and Brunei. Demographic and ecosystem processes were intensively monitored in permanent research plots set across these forest types.Based on demographic data of mixed dipterocarp forest in Serimbu, West Kalimantan, we proposed a simulation model describing forest structure dynamics in gap-mosaic landscape, that satisfactorily projected the present landscape architecture of forests. Similar model was applied to describe different forest types. The monitored heath forest in Lahei, Central Kalimantan, showed that dense bole-class layer of the forest compared to mixed dipetrocarp forest was not due to the depression of growth at this stage but high upgrowth and rapid recruitment, because the depression by poor nutrient was only for canopy stage trees. As a result, the biomass turnover(biomass divided by net primary production)was just the same between heath forest and mixed dipterocarp forest, which has two times larger biomass. Repeated recensuses of tree trunk girth efficiently recorded temporary variation of production. Reduction of biomass increment after 1997 El Nino was particularly obvious. Further continuation will give us essential information to relate forest ecosystem functioning and environmental change.

婆罗洲岛的热带雨林以其快速的植物生产和树种多样性支持着惊人的生物量。这种类型的森林生态系统正在经历巨大的人类影响，对气候和土地利用的变化做出快速反应。因此，监测热带雨林的变化过程是特别重要的，目的是预测生态系统对气候变化的反应。该项目监测了加里曼丹西部和中部以及文莱典型的山麓双龙脑混交林、低地石南林和低地淡水泥炭沼泽林。在这些森林类型中设置的永久性研究地块上，对人口和生态系统过程进行了密集监测。基于西加里曼丹Serimbu混交林的人口统计数据，提出了一个描述间隙镶嵌景观中森林结构动态的模拟模型，该模型较好地反映了当前森林的景观格局。用相似的模型来描述不同的森林类型。对加里曼丹中部拉黑地区的监测结果表明，与混合二石鲤林相比，该森林的密洞级层不是由于这一阶段生长的抑制，而是由于生长旺盛和补充迅速，因为营养不良造成的抑制只发生在冠层期树木。结果表明，混交林与原生林的生物量周转量（生物量除以净初级生产量）基本相同，而混交林的生物量是混交林的2倍。树干周长的重复统计有效地记录了产量的临时变化。1997年以后的厄尔尼诺现象对生物量增量的减少尤为明显。进一步的继续工作将为我们提供有关森林生态系统功能和环境变化的基本资料。