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Life-history syndromes promoting the diversity of perennial herbaceous communities on the forest floor of northern deciduous forests

促进北部落叶林森林地面多年生草本群落多样性的生活史综合症

基本信息

批准号：
08454247
负责人：
KOHYAMA Takashi
金额：
$ 4.54万
依托单位：
HOKKAIDO UNIVERSITY
依托单位国家：
日本
项目类别：
Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (B)
财政年份：
1996
资助国家：
日本
起止时间：
1996 至 1997
项目状态：
已结题

项目摘要

Northern mixed forests in lowland Hokkaido is characterized by relatively high plant species diversity in forest floor herbaceous communities for their latitude of distribution. This study aimed to clarify the maintenance mechanisms of the species diversity of these forest ecosystems through comparative monitoring of morphological and phenological performance among co-occurring species.Main research sites were set at Tomakomai Experimental Forest at Tomakomai City and Nopporo Forest Park at Sapporo City. Due to the difference in winter snowfall, seasonal performance of plants at Tomakomai forest was delayd for ca, 1 month from Nopporo forest.Remarkable high alpha-diversity was recorded for forest-floor communities without dwarf bamboo cover. We monitored seasonal performance of the floor perennial herbs and ferns. Allometric characteristics showed convergent similarity among species, characterized by the dominance of foliage allocation throughout seasons. To quantify the fine-scale vertical structure of foliage, a new technique of'disc-contact method'was designed and applied to a floor community at Tomakomai forest. Reproductive performance was monitored with special reference to dynamic spatial pattern of monocarpic species Cardicrinum cordatum(Liliaceae). The effect of grazing on herbaceous communities was recorded for the summer pasture system of horses in forest. Regional scaling-up of community structure was recorded in detail around Nopporo forest for ferns.

北海道低地北部混交林的特点是林地草本群落的植物物种多样性相对较高。本研究旨在通过对共生物种的形态和物候表现进行比较监测，阐明这些森林生态系统物种多样性的维持机制。主要研究地点设置在苫小牧市苫小牧实验林和札幌市野幌森林公园。由于冬季降雪量的差异，苫小牧森林植物的季节性表现比野幌森林延迟了约1个月。没有矮竹覆盖的林地群落记录了显着的高α多样性。我们监测了地面多年生草本植物和蕨类植物的季节性表现。异速生长特征表现出物种之间的趋同相似性，其特点是整个季节树叶分配的主导地位。为了量化树叶的精细垂直结构，设计了一种新技术“圆盘接触法”并将其应用于苫小牧森林的地面群落。特别参考单果种Cardicrinum cordatum（百合科）的动态空间格局来监测繁殖性能。记录了森林中马匹夏季牧场系统放牧对草本群落的影响。详细记录了野幌蕨类森林周围群落结构的区域扩大情况。