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Scaling up of the physiology^based response of cool-temperate forest ecosystems to disturbance and environmental change.

扩大寒温带森林生态系统对干扰和环境变化的生理响应。

基本信息

批准号：
13304060
负责人：
KOHYAMA Takashi
金额：
$ 28.79万
依托单位：
Hokkaido University
依托单位国家：
日本
项目类别：
Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (A)
财政年份：
2001
资助国家：
日本
起止时间：
2001 至 2003
项目状态：
已结题

项目摘要

This project aimed to describe the overall mechanism at forest ecosystem scale response to global change. Setting mixed cool-temperate deciduous broad-leaved forests as main target ecosystem, we scaled up from organ-based physiological processes to a whole individual growth and community dynamics used quantitative theoretical models based on field observation.Experiments were carried out at various scales ; e.g. open-top CO_2 enrichment systems on experimental field to fertilization/logging experiment on forest ecosystem. At every scale physiological response to treatment or disturbance was species specific. We described the differential response cascade explaining species difference. Physiology-based model of foliage photosynthesis was extended to include nitrogen-limitation.Shoot-module-based analysis of three-dimensional tree formation processes was carried out using Magnolia obovata and the genus Abies as model trees. We extracted branching role of M.obovata. Short-shoot type lateral branches were commonly formed, of which significance, clarified through simulation experiments, was not to reduce mutual shading but to reduce assimilate use due to the overall shortage of photosynthetic production. Population-level development of Abies stands was simulated using PipeTree, a shoot-based, physiological simulator. The simulation suggested that single shoot characteristics need to be changed with height, through water potential change, so that observed phenomena of even-aged population development.

本项目旨在描述森林生态系统对全球变化响应的总体机制。本研究以寒温性落叶阔叶混交林为主要研究对象，在野外观测的基础上，利用定量理论模型，从器官生理过程扩展到整体个体生长和群落动态，进行了不同尺度的试验，如野外开顶式CO_2增浓系统试验和森林生态系统施肥/采伐试验。在每个尺度上，对处理或干扰的生理反应都是物种特异性的。我们描述了解释物种差异的差异反应级联。将基于生理学的叶片光合作用模型扩展到氮限制，并以倒卵叶木兰和冷杉属为模式树，采用基于枝条模块的三维树木形成过程分析。我们提取了M. obovata的分支作用。短枝型侧枝的普遍形成，其意义，通过模拟实验澄清，是不是减少相互遮光，但减少同化物的使用，由于光合生产的整体不足。利用PipeTree软件对冷杉林分的种群水平发育进行了模拟。模拟结果表明，单枝特性需要随着高度的变化，通过水势的变化，从而观察到同龄群体发展的现象。