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Life Histories of Ordinary People

普通人的生活史

基本信息

批准号：
59310029
负责人：
MATSUMOTO Michiharu
金额：
$ 6.78万
依托单位：
Doshisha University
依托单位国家：
日本
项目类别：
Grant-in-Aid for Co-operative Research (A)
财政年份：
1984
资助国家：
日本
起止时间：
1984 至 1986
项目状态：
已结题

来源：
https://kaken.nii.ac.jp/grant/KAKENHI-PROJECT-59310029/
关键词：
Life History

项目摘要

We started our research "Life Histories of Ordinary People" with three main purposes.First was to conduct the life history research that could provide an effective supplement to the existing macroscopic analysis of social structure,and through which we could open up a new sphere of social research. At the end of our three-year research,substantial results have been attained by all of the co-researchers in this respect.Secondly,our purpose was to investigate and establish an adequate methodology for the study of life histories of ordinary people of Japan. In this respect,in addition to our own field work activities,we have been,and are,spending a great deal of effort in collecting and studying extensive literatures of the field inside and outside Japan. In the course of this effort,several problems have been recognized. One is the problem of mediating the gap between the objective approach of the social-structural analysis and the primarily subjective nature of the oral narratives,or,th … More e problem of 'lifting up' subjectivity onto the level of objectivity and 'bringing down' the structural analysis to the level of life history analysis. Another problem is the one that concerns the way the researcher describes the life of people. Even for a person's life,there can be enormous ways of describing it. And the researcher have to choose one of thousand of possible ways and have to show why he did so. Still another problem is the problem of privacy. The student of life history necessarily steps in the private part of person's life and this immediately raises the problem of the relation between human right and morals of field research. To cope partly with the problems mentioned so far,attempts of constructing (1) composite life history by multiple narratives,(2) life history of an individual conjoined with his/her family history,(3) composite of life histories of men and women, could be of some help.The third purpose of ours was to find some ways and means to eliminate human miseries through life history studies. But this purpose is still to be done in the future.We believe that this co-operative research has been highly successful and the co-researchers are all happy that the result of the research is to be published for the wider public in near future(provisional title,"Shomin no Seikatsushi" by Mirai-sha publishing Co.,to appear in 1988). Less

我们开展“普通人生活史”研究，主要有三个目的：一是开展生活史研究，对现有的社会结构宏观分析进行有效补充，开拓社会研究的新领域;在三年的研究结束时，所有的合作研究者都在这方面取得了实质性的成果。第二，我们的目的是调查和建立一个适当的方法来研究日本普通人的生活史。在这方面，除了我们自己的实地工作活动外，我们一直在努力收集和研究日本国内外该领域的广泛文献。在这一努力过程中，认识到了若干问题。一个是调解社会结构分析的客观方法与口头叙事的主要主观性质之间的差距的问题，或者， ...更多信息把主观性“提升”到客观性的层次，把结构分析“降低”到生活史分析的层次。另一个问题是研究人员描述人们生活的方式。即使是对一个人的一生，也可以有无数种方式来描述它，研究人员必须从数千种可能的方式中选择一种，并说明他为什么这样做。另一个问题是隐私问题。生活史研究者必然要介入人的生活私域，这就直接引出了田野研究中的人权与道德的关系问题。为了部分科普上述问题，我们尝试构建（1）多重叙述的复合生活史，（2）个体生活史与其家族史的结合，（3）男性和女性生活史的复合。我们的第三个目的是通过生活史研究找到消除人类痛苦的方法和途径。但这一目标仍有待于将来实现。我们相信，这次合作研究非常成功，合作研究人员都很高兴，研究结果将在不久的将来发表给更广泛的公众（暂定名称，未来社出版社，“Shomin no Seikatsushi”），1988年出现）。少