Development and utilization of genetic characteristics of the rat, and establishment of the rat genetic monitoring system.

1. 形态学：对30多个近交系大鼠进行了下颌骨形态分析。几乎所有菌株都能通过该方法得到清晰的鉴别。一种更简单的使用判别图的方法被认为是实际使用（Goto）。生化方面：发现Pg-2、Rtp-1和Rtp-2在自交系间具有多态性，分别与Pg-1、Mup-1和c连锁。zi基因分配给lgii （Yamada）。建立了ah -2、and - c、Akp-1、Gst-1、Hao-1、Pgd和Tam的分型程序（Matsumoto）。Ld-1基因分析正在进行中。在DA菌株（Nishimura）中发现了米色样突变。建立了检测Hba位点的程序，但未检测到多态性。用小鼠晶体蛋白和大鼠凝乳胰蛋白酶cdna （Shoji）对CWS菌株白内障进行遗传分析。设计了检测C6、Gc、Gdc、Es-Si、Es-1和Es-2的简便方法（Hayakawa）。3 . mtDNA切割模式：在实验大鼠中发现了7种类型的切割模式，并确定了许多近交系的类型（Hayashi）。免疫学：建立了一株重组RT1的WIN菌株。RFLPs是用人Dp探针（Natori）发现的。用小鼠ⅱ类基因、A、E、E探针检测RFLPs，在自交系中发现5型，在野生大鼠中发现6型（Moriwaki）。体细胞杂交和原位杂交：通过这些方法将GSTP、几个癌基因和其他基因分配到染色体上（Yoshida）。血管紧张素原基因位于染色体19q （Yamada）上。细胞遗传学：对自交系进行了Ag-NORs的鉴定。精确的条带法在整个染色体上发现了大约450条条带（Sasaki）。总论：在日本发现了许多近交系大鼠的衍生品种。测定了63个主要菌株的遗传谱。建立了几种打字程序的手册。提出了一份“大鼠遗传监测手册”草案（所有成员）。

1. Morphological: Mandible shape analyses were performed on more than 30 inbred strains of rats. almost all strains were clearly discriminated by this method. A more simple method using discrimination chart faulted to be practical use (Goto).2. Biochemical: Pg-2, Rtp-1, and Rtp-2 were found to be polymorphic among inbred strains, and to linked with Pg-1, Mup-1, and c, respectively. zi gene was assigned to LG II (Yamada). Procedures for typing Ahd-2, And-C, Akp-1, Gst-1, Hao-1, Pgd, and Tam were established (Matsumoto). Genetic analysis on Ld-1 is proceeding. A beige-like mutation was found in DA strain (Nishimura). A procedure to test Hba locus was established, but no polymorphisms were detected. Genetic analysis on a cataract of the CWS strain is proceesing with mousecrystaline and rat chymotrypsin cDNAs (Shoji). Simple methods for detecting C6, Gc, Gdc, Es-Si, Es-1, and Es-2 were devised (Hayakawa).3. mtDNA cleavage patterm: 7 types of the cleavage patterns were found among laboratory rats, and the types of many inbred strains were determined (Hayashi).4. Immunological: A strain of WIN with RT1 recombination was established. RFLPs were found using human Dp- probe (Natori). RFLPs were found using mouse class II genes, A , E , and E probes, and 5 types were found among inbred strains, and 6 types among wild rats (Moriwaki).5. Somatic cell hybridization and in situ hybridization: GSTP, several onco-genes, and other genes were assigned to chromosomes by these methods (Yoshida). Angiotensinogen gene was assigned on chromosome 19q (Yamada).6. Cytogenetic: Characterization of Ag-NORs were performed on inbred strains. A precise banding method revealed about 450 bands along with the whole chromosomes (Sasaki).Gereral: Derivations of many inbred strains of rats in Japan were traced. Genetic profiles of the 63 major strains were determined. Manuals of the several typing procedures were set up. A draft "Manuals for genetic monitoring of the rat" was proposed (all Members).