Development and utilization of genetic characteristics of the rat, and establishment of the rat genetic monitoring system.

1.形态学：对30多个近交系大鼠进行下颌骨形状分析。几乎所有的菌株都被该方法清楚地区分。一种更简单的方法，使用判别图故障是实际使用（后藤）.生化分析：Pg-2、Rtp-1和Rtp-2在近交系中具有多态性，分别与Pg-1、Mup-1和c连锁。zi基因归属于LG Ⅱ（Yamada）。建立了Ahd-2、And-C、Akp-1、Gst-1、Hao-1、Pgd和Tam的分型程序（松本）。Ld-1的遗传分析正在进行中。DA株（Nishimura）中发现一个米色样突变。建立了检测Hba基因座的方法，但未检测到多态性。CWS品系的白内障的遗传分析正在用鼠胰凝乳蛋白酶和鼠胰凝乳蛋白酶cDNA（Shoji）进行。设计了用于检测C6、Gc、Gdc、Es-Si、Es-1和Es-2的简单方法（Hayakawa）。mtDNA切割模式：在实验鼠中发现7种卵裂类型，并确定了许多近交系的卵裂类型（Hayashi）.免疫学：建立了RT 1基因重组的WIN株。使用人Dp-探针（Natori）发现RFLP。利用小鼠II类基因、A、E和E探针发现了RFLPs，在近交系中发现了5种类型，在野生大鼠（Moriwaki）中发现了6种类型.体细胞杂交和原位杂交：通过这些方法将GSTP、几种癌基因和其他基因分配到染色体上（Yoshida）。血管紧张素原基因定位于染色体19 q（Yamada）。细胞遗传学：对近交系进行Ag-NOR表征。精确的显带方法显示了大约450条带沿着整个染色体（Sasaki）。Gereral：追溯了日本许多近交系大鼠的起源。测定了63个主要菌株的遗传图谱。建立了几种打字程序的手册。提出了“大鼠遗传监测手册”草案（全体成员）。

1. Morphological: Mandible shape analyses were performed on more than 30 inbred strains of rats. almost all strains were clearly discriminated by this method. A more simple method using discrimination chart faulted to be practical use (Goto).2. Biochemical: Pg-2, Rtp-1, and Rtp-2 were found to be polymorphic among inbred strains, and to linked with Pg-1, Mup-1, and c, respectively. zi gene was assigned to LG II (Yamada). Procedures for typing Ahd-2, And-C, Akp-1, Gst-1, Hao-1, Pgd, and Tam were established (Matsumoto). Genetic analysis on Ld-1 is proceeding. A beige-like mutation was found in DA strain (Nishimura). A procedure to test Hba locus was established, but no polymorphisms were detected. Genetic analysis on a cataract of the CWS strain is proceesing with mousecrystaline and rat chymotrypsin cDNAs (Shoji). Simple methods for detecting C6, Gc, Gdc, Es-Si, Es-1, and Es-2 were devised (Hayakawa).3. mtDNA cleavage patterm: 7 types of the cleavage patterns were found among laboratory rats, and the types of many inbred strains were determined (Hayashi).4. Immunological: A strain of WIN with RT1 recombination was established. RFLPs were found using human Dp- probe (Natori). RFLPs were found using mouse class II genes, A , E , and E probes, and 5 types were found among inbred strains, and 6 types among wild rats (Moriwaki).5. Somatic cell hybridization and in situ hybridization: GSTP, several onco-genes, and other genes were assigned to chromosomes by these methods (Yoshida). Angiotensinogen gene was assigned on chromosome 19q (Yamada).6. Cytogenetic: Characterization of Ag-NORs were performed on inbred strains. A precise banding method revealed about 450 bands along with the whole chromosomes (Sasaki).Gereral: Derivations of many inbred strains of rats in Japan were traced. Genetic profiles of the 63 major strains were determined. Manuals of the several typing procedures were set up. A draft "Manuals for genetic monitoring of the rat" was proposed (all Members).