Development and utilization of genetic characteristics of the rat, and establishment of the rat genetic monitoring system.

1.形态：对30多个近交系大鼠进行了下颌骨形态分析。几乎所有的菌株都能通过这种方法被清楚地区分开来。使用判别图的更简单的方法被认为是不实用的(后藤健二)。生化：Pg-2、RTP-1和RTP-2在自交系之间存在多态性，分别与Pg-1、MUP-1和c连锁。Zi基因归属于山田LG II。建立了Ahd-2、And-C、AKP-1、Gst-1、Hao-1、Pgd和的分型程序(松本)。对LD-1的基因分析正在进行中。在DA株(Nishimura)中发现了一个米色的突变。建立了检测HBA基因座的程序，但没有检测到多态现象。对CWS菌株的一种白内障的遗传分析正在进行中，包括小鼠晶体蛋白和大鼠胰凝乳素cDNAs(Shoji)。设计了检测C6、GC、GDC、Es-Si、Es-1和Es-2的简便方法(Hayakawa)。线粒体DNA的切割模式：在实验大鼠中发现了7种类型的切割模式，并确定了许多近交系的类型(Hayashi)。免疫学：建立了一株rt1重组的Win株。用人DP-探针(Natori)发现RFLP。用小鼠类基因A、E和E探针检测到RFLP，近交系中有5种类型，野鼠(Moriwaki)中有6种类型。体细胞杂交和原位杂交：通过这些方法(吉田)将GSTP、几个癌基因和其他基因分配到染色体上。血管紧张素原基因定位于染色体19q(Yamada)。细胞遗传学：对近交系进行了Ag-NORs的鉴定。一种精确的显带方法显示了大约450条带以及整个染色体(佐佐木)。杰勒尔：追踪了日本许多近交系大鼠的来源。测定了63个主要菌株的遗传图谱。建立了几个打字程序的手册。提出了“大鼠遗传监测手册”草案(所有成员)。

1. Morphological: Mandible shape analyses were performed on more than 30 inbred strains of rats. almost all strains were clearly discriminated by this method. A more simple method using discrimination chart faulted to be practical use (Goto).2. Biochemical: Pg-2, Rtp-1, and Rtp-2 were found to be polymorphic among inbred strains, and to linked with Pg-1, Mup-1, and c, respectively. zi gene was assigned to LG II (Yamada). Procedures for typing Ahd-2, And-C, Akp-1, Gst-1, Hao-1, Pgd, and Tam were established (Matsumoto). Genetic analysis on Ld-1 is proceeding. A beige-like mutation was found in DA strain (Nishimura). A procedure to test Hba locus was established, but no polymorphisms were detected. Genetic analysis on a cataract of the CWS strain is proceesing with mousecrystaline and rat chymotrypsin cDNAs (Shoji). Simple methods for detecting C6, Gc, Gdc, Es-Si, Es-1, and Es-2 were devised (Hayakawa).3. mtDNA cleavage patterm: 7 types of the cleavage patterns were found among laboratory rats, and the types of many inbred strains were determined (Hayashi).4. Immunological: A strain of WIN with RT1 recombination was established. RFLPs were found using human Dp- probe (Natori). RFLPs were found using mouse class II genes, A , E , and E probes, and 5 types were found among inbred strains, and 6 types among wild rats (Moriwaki).5. Somatic cell hybridization and in situ hybridization: GSTP, several onco-genes, and other genes were assigned to chromosomes by these methods (Yoshida). Angiotensinogen gene was assigned on chromosome 19q (Yamada).6. Cytogenetic: Characterization of Ag-NORs were performed on inbred strains. A precise banding method revealed about 450 bands along with the whole chromosomes (Sasaki).Gereral: Derivations of many inbred strains of rats in Japan were traced. Genetic profiles of the 63 major strains were determined. Manuals of the several typing procedures were set up. A draft "Manuals for genetic monitoring of the rat" was proposed (all Members).