Regional Formation and Regional Structure of Forestry, Upper Basin of Yoshino River, Nara Prefecture.

奈良县吉野川上游流域的森林地区，从江户时代开始发展。以林业经济学家为代表的学者们对这一问题进行了大量的研究，试图把握其区域发展的过程和机制。但是，从地理学的角度来看，这些研究还缺乏一些条件，特别是在区域结构方面。笔者试图对这一地区各个村落中保存的大量资料进行调查。通过本研究得到的新情况如下：一是与各村落形成的年代有关;随着年代的久远，植树造林的发展也越来越缓慢，这是因为这些形成于较早时期的村落，由于地处山地良田，土地较为广阔，因此主要以农业经营为主。这与各乡村植树造林的发展密切相关。

Forestry region, upper basin of the Yoshino River, Nara Prefecture, have developed since Edo era. Many studies have tried to grasp the process and mechanism of it's regional development, mainly by some forestry economists. But, from the point of view of geography, there are some conditions lacked in those studies, especially on the regional structure. The author have tried to investigate many materials preserved in each villages in this region. New conditions obtained through this research are followed.One condition is related to the age of formation of each villages. The older of it, the slower of the development of afforestation, because these villages formed in the older age had located in the excellent land finding wider fields in this mountainous region, so they had mainly oriented to the management of argiculture.The other is the structure of farmers in each villages in Edo era. It had closely connected with the development of afforestation in each villages.