Gibberellin production and cell differentiation in plant cell culture

从植物细胞提取液中提取赤霉素(GA)组分，用GC-SIM分析不同形态冠瘤细胞中GA的含量，研究GA的产生与植物细胞形态发生的关系。通过克隆含鸦片碱型钛质粒(PTI-T37)的烟草细胞，获得了两种细胞，一种是无组织细胞，另一种是形成芽的畸胎瘤。萌芽型畸胎瘤中GA_1、GA_2、GA_3和GA_3的含量(700~800pg/gr)明显高于非组织细胞(<100pg/gr)。比较了萝卜碱型和章鱼藤型长春花冠鳞组织中赤霉素A的含量。生物活性气体仅在红豆型细胞提取液中检测到，红豆型细胞容易发育新梢。经GC-MS鉴定，该核型细胞中的一种GAS为GA_&lt；24&gt；，C_&lt；20&gt；-Gas。诱导野萝卜碱型钛质粒获得的成芽烟草冠瘤组织具有Ent-Kaurene合成能力。细胞内的主要气体为C20-GAs，其含量与上述1例幼芽畸胎瘤基本一致。上述结果表明，GA的产生与冠瘤组织的形态发生密切相关。赤霉素的生物合成能力出现在芽形成细胞中，类似于正常植物组织，而它在无组织的植物细胞中受到抑制。

The relationship between gibberellin (GA) production and morphogenesis of plant cells was investigated by analyzing GA contents in crown gall cells of different morphology using GC-SIM after purification of GA fractions from cell extracts.1. Two kinds of cells, an unorganized cell and a shoot-forming teratoma, were obtained by cloning tobacco cells having nopaline type Ti-plasmid (pTi-T37). The shoot-forming teratoma contained higher levels of C_<2 0>-GAs, such as GA_<1 9>, GA_<2 3> and GA_<5 3> (700-800 pg/gr fr wt)than that of the unorganized cells (less than 100 pg/gr fr wt).2. GA contents in nopaline type and octopine type crown gall tissues of Catharanthus roseus were compared. Biologically active GAs were only detected in the extracts of the nopaline type cells which is able to develop shoots easily. The one of GAs in this nopaline type cells was identified as GA_<2 4>, one of C_<2 0>-GAs, by GC-MS.3. Shoot-forming tobacco crown gall tissue obtained by inducing nopaline type Ti-plasmid has ent-kaurene synthesis capacity. Main GAs in this cell were found to be C20-GAs, and their levels were almost the same as that of the shoot-forming teratoma described in the above 1.From the above results, there must be a close correlation between GA production and morphogenesis of crown gall tissues. Gibberellin biosynthesis ability appears in shoot-forming cells similar to normal plant tissues, while it is supressed in unorganized plant cells.