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Ethnological Study of Culture Change in Tropical Africa

热带非洲文化变迁的民族学研究

基本信息

批准号：
63043079
负责人：
WADA Shohei
金额：
$ 1.15万
依托单位：
National Museum of Ethnology
依托单位国家：
日本
项目类别：
Grant-in-Aid for Overseas Scientific Research
财政年份：
1988
资助国家：
日本
起止时间：
1988 至 1989
项目状态：
已结题

来源：
https://kaken.nii.ac.jp/grant/KAKENHI-PROJECT-63043079/
关键词：
Ethnology Tropical Africa Culture change 部族トーゴカメルーンタンザニアザイール

项目摘要

The purpose of this research is to investigate the culture change in Tropical Africa which has been independent for more than twenty years, and to compare the differences between West and East Africa.In the 1987 field research "the East African Cattle complex" in Tanzania, we observed the disparition of gerontocracy because of nation building and modernization, weakening of pastoral industry, and expansion of Swahili culture. In the Zairean rain forest, a team carried out a survey on the relationship between the Kuba kingdom and raphia weaving. Likewise in Cameroon grassland, the raphia culture comples was studied. In Northern Cameroon, the culture change in the course of modernization was the focus of research.Some of the conclusions drawn from the research are, as follows:1) The shortage of lands was not the only factor which caused social change among the Nyakyusa in southern Tanzania. There are other factors. For example, the cash sent by migrant workers play a big role, and their contribution to the society is great.2) In Tanzania Ujamaa villages were abolished. Instead community centers were built and they contribute for the modernization of village life.3) In the Kuba kingdom, Watanabe discoverd the symbolism hidden in the clothing, and studied the relationship between the traditional value system and the modernization.4) Among the Bamum inn West Cameroon, Wazaki carried out a research on the social aspects of the traditional handicraftmen's organization.5) Hata observed the Nkui festivity which is held only once in chief's reign. The description of the festivity in detail will be published soon.6) Wada carried out a survey on the Togolese iron making which is one of the features of paleonigritic civilisation.

本研究旨在探讨独立二十多年的热带非洲的文化变迁，并比较西非与东非的差异，于1987年在坦桑尼亚进行的“东非牧牛情结”实地研究中，我们观察到由于国家建设与现代化、畜牧业的削弱与斯瓦希里文化的扩张，使得老人政治的消失。在扎伊尔的热带雨林中，一个研究小组对库巴王国和拉斐编织之间的关系进行了调查。同样在喀麦隆草原上，对该属植物进行了综合研究。在北方喀麦隆，现代化进程中的文化变迁是研究的重点，研究得出以下结论：1）土地短缺不是导致坦桑尼亚南部Nyakyusa人社会变迁的唯一因素。还有其他因素。例如，现金发送的农民工发挥了很大的作用，他们对社会的贡献是巨大的。2）在坦桑尼亚Ujamaa村庄被废除。相反，社区中心被建立起来，它们为村庄生活的现代化做出了贡献。3）在库巴王国，渡边研究了隐藏在服装中的象征意义，并研究了传统价值体系与现代化之间的关系。4）在喀麦隆西部的巴姆客栈中，Wazaki对传统手工业者组织的社会方面进行了研究。哈达观察了恩奎人的节日，这是在酋长的统治下只举行一次。关于这一节日的详细描述将很快出版。6）和田对多哥的炼铁进行了调查，这是古希腊文明的特征之一。