Study on the structure and evolution of isozyme alleles and their relation to phylogeny in citrus

柑橘同工酶等位基因的结构、进化及其与系统发育的关系研究

• 批准号: 63560031
• 负责人: WAKANA Akira
• 金额: $ 1.22万
• 依托单位: Kyushu University
• 依托单位国家: 日本
• 项目类别: Grant-in-Aid for General Scientific Research (C)
• 财政年份: 1988
• 资助国家: 日本
• 起止时间: 1988 至 1989
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://kaken.nii.ac.jp/grant/KAKENHI-PROJECT-63560031/
• 关键词: Citrus; Isozyme; GOT; Linkage; Gene duplication; Phylogeny; Marker gene; Zygotic seedling; グルタミン酸オキザロ酢酸アミノ転移酵素; グルタミン酸オキザロ酢酸アミノ基転移酵素(GOT); 欠失; 対立遺伝子; 系統発生学

Isozymes of glutamate oxaloacetate transaminase (GOT) in leaves and pollens of about 200 cultivars of Citrus and related genera were analyzed using polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis. Isozymes of the other 4 enzymes in leaves were also analyzed using starch gel electrophoresis.GOT is coded by three loci Got-1, Got-2 and Got-3. No linkage was found between the three loci. On Got-1, Got-3 and Got-3, 5,5 and 7 alleles were detected. Since migration distances of allozymes coded by alleles B, C and I at Got-3 and those coded by alleles B, C and I at Got-3 were overlapped on the gell, and since many citrus cultivars were found to have these alleles, the gene Got-3 is considered to evolve grom Got-2 by gene duplication. However, origin of the gene duplication is supposed to be in a very early time of citrus evolution, since Got-3 is plastid specific while Got-2 is cytozol specific. From alozyme variation in Citrus, phylogeny in Citrus is considered as follows: First, a primitive citron and a primitive mandarin evolved, and a primitive pumelo emerged from these hybrids. Papeda, lime and lemon were considered to hybrids of citrons, while sour oranges and sweet oranges were considered to be a hybris between pimelo and mandarin. On the other hand, tachibana evolved from mandarins and yuzu evolved from a hybrid between mandarin and papeda.The results of the other isozyme analysis, from which 11 alleles were detected, also supported this hypothesis. These alleles found in this study are also useful for confirmation of cultivars. distingushing zygotic seedlings from nucellar ones and identification of hybrid seedlings.

采用聚丙烯酰胺凝胶电泳技术，对柑橘及其近缘属近200个品种的叶片和花粉进行了谷草转氨酶（GOT）同工酶分析。用淀粉凝胶电泳分析了叶片中其它4种酶的同工酶，GOT由3个位点Got-1、Got-2和Got-3编码。三个位点之间未发现连锁。在Got-1、Got-3和Got-3上检测到5、5和7个等位基因。由于Got-3等位基因B、C和I编码的等位酶与Got-3等位基因B、C和I编码的等位酶在凝胶上的迁移距离重叠，且许多柑橘品种都含有这些等位基因，因此认为Got-3基因是通过基因复制从Got-2进化而来的。然而，由于Got-3是质体特异性的，而Got-2是胞质特异性的，因此基因复制的起源应该是在柑橘进化的非常早期。从柑桔的同工酶变异中，我们认为柑桔的进化过程是：首先，从杂种中进化出一个原始的香橼和一个原始的柑桔，并产生一个原始的柚。甜橙、酸橙和柠檬被认为是香橼的杂交种，而酸橙和甜橙被认为是甜柚和柑橘的杂交种。另一方面，立花是由橘属植物进化而来的，柚子是由柑橘和番木瓜属植物的杂种进化而来的。本研究中发现的这些等位基因也可用于品种的确认。合子苗与珠心苗的鉴别及杂种苗的鉴定。

项目成果

Shinichi Shiraishi,Akira Wakana,and Shirou Isshiki: "Genetic variation of GOT isozymes and its relation to phylogeny in Citrus." American Journal of Botany.

Shinichi Shiraishi、Akira Wakana 和 Shirou Isshiki：“GOT 同工酶的遗传变异及其与柑橘系统发育的关系。”

Wakana, Akira.: Theoretical and Applied Genetics. (1989)

Wakana，Akira。：理论与应用遗传学。

一色司部・若菜章・白石真一: "カンキツにおけるアイソザイム対立遺伝子の構造および進化と系統発生に関する研究" 九州大学農学部農場研究資料. 12. (1990)

Shibe Isshiki、Akira Wakana 和 Shinichi Shiraishi：“柑橘同工酶等位基因的结构、进化和系统发育研究”，农业研究材料，九州大学农学部 12。（1990 年）

一色司郎,若菜章,白石眞一: "カンキツにおけるアイソザイム対立遺伝子の構造及び進化と系統発生に関する研究" 九州大学農学部農場研究資料. 12. (1990)

一色四郎、若菜彰、白石真一：“柑橘同工酶等位基因的结构、进化和系统发育的研究”九州大学农学部农场研究资料12。（1990）。

Akira Wakana,Shinichi Shiraishi,and Shiro Isshiki: "Inheritance and genetic variation of GOT isozyme alleles in Cirus" Theoretical and Applied Genetics.

Akira Wakana、Shinichi Shiraishi 和 Shiro Isshiki：“Cirus 中 GOT 同工酶等位基因的遗传和遗传变异”理论与应用遗传学。