Development of Psychobehavicral Performance Tests in the Assessment of Soivents Toxicity

研究对象和方法。81名男性画家完成了症状问卷调查。20名受试者接受了问卷调查和神经心理学检查，其中包括世界卫生组织推荐的神经行为核心测试组合中的模块设计测试(WAIS)、数字符号、数字广度、Santa Ana运动协调测试，以及NES计算机化测试组合的反应时、手眼运动协调和Benton视觉保持测试。此外，还包括情绪状态简表(POMS)和词汇测试(同义词)。接触有机溶剂的平均持续时间为9.5&lt；正负8.1年。(范围：1-22)。甲苯、矿物油和二甲苯是所用涂料的主要成分。分别测定作业工人尿中苦杏仁酸水平，平均值为0.279~0.248 g/L(范围0.063~0.7)。根据年龄匹配的暴露受试者和参照者、干性和鳞状…患者的症状成对比较的结果暴露组皮肤偏软、易无缘无故消沉、手脚冰冷、易受刺激、食欲不振、头晕目眩、身体不稳的发生率在统计学上明显高于对照组。配对分析结果显示，两组儿童在Santa-Ana坐标和数字符号上的成绩均显著低于对照组。在控制了年龄、教育程度、词汇量和饮酒量的多元回归模型中，只有溶剂暴露与POMS量表中较高的一项成绩(混淆)的Santa-Ana协调测验成绩显著相关。结果表明，症状调查和POMS试验有助于检测接触低水平有机溶剂可能产生的影响。然而，在接触有机溶剂对神经行为功能的影响方面，没有观察到一致的模式，这与世界卫生组织归类为I型中毒性中枢神经系统障碍是一致的。较少

Subjects and Methods. Eighty-one male painters completed a symptom questionnaire. Twenty subjects underwent both questionnaire and neuropsychological examinations which consisted of a block design test (WAIS), digit symbol, digit span, Santa Ana motor coordination tests from the batteries of WHO-recommended neurobehavioral core test, as well as the reaction time, hand-eye motor coordination and Benton visual retention tests of the NES computerized test battery. The Profile of Mood Status (POMS) and a vocabulary test (synonym) were also included. Mean duration of exposure to organic solvents was 9.5 <plus-minus> 8.1 yrs. (range : 1-22). Toluene, mineral spirit and xylene were the major constituents of the paints used. Urine mandelic acids levels of workers was measured individually, and the mean value was 0.279<plus-minus>0.248 g/l (range was 0.063-0.7Results. From the results of pairwise comparisons of the symptoms of the age-matched pairs of exposed and referent subjects, dry and scal … More y skin, easily depressed without reason, coldness of hands and legs, easily irritated without reason, loss of appetite, dizziness and unsteadiness occurred statistatistically significantly more often among the exposed subjects than among the referents. Matched analysis showed that performance of the Santa-Ana coordination and digit symbol were significantly lower than those of controls. In multiple regression models, controlling for age, education, vocabulary and alcohol intake, a significant relation was found only between solvent exposure and poor performance in the Santa-Ana coordination test with higher value of one of scale of POMS ('Confusion').Conclusion. The results suggest that a symptom inquiry and POMS test are helpful for detecting the possible effects of exposure to low level of organic solvents. However no consistent pattern was observed in regard to the effects of organic solvent exposure on neurobehavioral function, which is coinncident with the type I toxic central nervous system disorder as classified by the WHO. Less