Development of the Analytical Methods of the Mushroom Toxin

Rhodophyllus rhodopolius（Fr.）奎尔在日本被称为毒蘑菇。根据日本厚生省的年度统计数据，R。其次是红菇，红褶菌属的种类通常是无害的，而有毒的红褶菌属的种类则是有害的。红菇经常被业余蘑菇猎人误认为是可食用的蘑菇Rhodophyllus crassipes，因为这两个物种在形态上非常相似。本文介绍了用显色剂、分光光度法和高效液相色谱电化学检测器等方法对食用菌和有毒菌进行鉴别的有效方法。并通过体内外实验研究了蘑菇毒素对大鼠体内生物胺的影响。结果表明，着色剂不能区分食用菌和有毒菌。另一方面，采用高效液相色谱-电化学检测器法可能是区分红曲霉的实用方法。rhodopolius从R.粗壮的在体实验观察到大鼠脑内5-HT和多巴胺含量增加。但还需要进一步的实验来找出机制。

Rhodophyllus rhodopolius (Fr.) Quel. has been known in Japan as a poisonous mushroom. According to the annual statistical data from Japanese Ministry of Health and Welfare, R. rhodopolius came in the second to cause poisoning by mushrooms. The Rhodophyllus species are generally harmless, and the toxic R. rhodopolius is often mistaken by amateur mushroom hunters for the edible mushroom Rhodophyllus crassipes, since both species are morphologically very similar. The development of the sensitive and simple methods for routinely discriminating the mushroom between edible and poisonous species are required.In this report the effective methods by means of coloring reagent, spectrophotometry and high-performance liquid chromatography with electro-chemical detector are described. And also the affect of mushroom toxin for the biogenic amines in rat in vitro and in vivo experiments are studied. As the results, the coloring reagent cannot discriminate the mushrooms between edible and poisonous species. On the other hand the use of high-performance liquid chromatography with electro- chemical detector might be practical for distinguishing the R. rhodopolius from R. crassipes. Increased of 5-HT and dopamine content in rat brain were observed by in vivo experiments. But further experiments must be required to find out the mechanism.