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Forms and Behavior of Selenium in Soil-Plant System.

土壤-植物系统中硒的形态和行为。

基本信息

批准号：
01560078
负责人：
YAMADA Hidekazu
金额：
$ 1.22万
依托单位：
Kyoto Prefectural University
依托单位国家：
日本
项目类别：
Grant-in-Aid for General Scientific Research (C)
财政年份：
1989
资助国家：
日本
起止时间：
1989 至 1990
项目状态：
已结题

项目摘要

1. A method for the determination of selenium (Se) in environmental samples was developed by use of high-performance liquid chromatography with fluorescence detection. By this method, the total and soluble amounts of Se in soils could be determined with a high reproducibility and sensibility. Moreover, the proposed method could be applied to the fractional determination of Se in soil extracts.2. About 50 cultivated soils (Kameoka, Kyoto) were used for the determination of total and soluble Se in the soils. The average total Se content of plow layer soil was 0.288 ppm. Water-soluble and hot-water soluble Se were 8.9 and 20.4 ppb, which amounts to 3.1% and 7.2% of total Se. The correlations between total and these soluble Se were significantly high.3. A large proportion of the soluble Se in soils was found to be in an organic form by means of Sephadex G-25 gel-chromatography. The organic Se amounted to 69% of the Se extracted from the cultivated soils. In addition, it was considered that the organic Se was mainly contained as a form of amino acid in proteins, peptides.4. A behavior of trimethylselenonium ion (TMSe) which is an important urinary Se metabolite of animals was studied by adding TMSe to a soil. The added TMSe was found to be decomposed rapidly into gaseous Se compounds. From this result, it was considered that TMSe would hardly occur as organic Se in soils.5. Because soil Se easily dissolves in an alkaline solution, the form of alkali soluble Se was studied. Inorganic species have been considered to be the dominant forms of soil Se, but the result of the study has shown that greater part of soil Se occurs in organic forms.

1.建立了高效液相色谱-荧光检测法测定环境样品中的硒。该方法重现性好，灵敏度高，可用于土壤中总硒和可溶性硒的测定。该方法可用于土壤浸出液中硒的分级测定。用约50种耕作土壤(龟冈、京都)测定了土壤中的全硒和可溶性硒。耕层土壤的平均全硒含量为0.288 ppm。水溶态和热水溶态硒分别为8.9和20.4 ppb，分别占总硒的3.1%和7.2%。总硒与这些可溶性硒的相关性均达到极显著水平。Sephadex G-25凝胶层析表明，土壤中的可溶性硒有很大一部分是以有机形式存在的。有机Se占耕作土壤Se提取总量的69%。此外，认为有机硒主要以氨基酸形式存在于蛋白质、多肽中。通过在土壤中加入三甲基硒离子，研究了动物尿硒代谢产物三甲基硒离子的行为。结果表明，添加的TSMe能迅速分解成气态Se化合物。由此可见，土壤中几乎不可能以有机硒形式存在。由于土壤中的Se易溶于碱性溶液，因此研究了碱溶态Se的形态。无机形态一直被认为是土壤中Se的主要形态，但研究结果表明，大部分土壤Se以有机形式存在。