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Methabolism and functional role of D-aspartic acid and related compounds in marine animals.

D-天冬氨酸和相关化合物在海洋动物中的代谢和功能作用。

基本信息

批准号：
01560228
负责人：
SATO Minoru
金额：
$ 1.28万
依托单位：
Tohoku University (1990-1991)Kitasato University (1989)
依托单位国家：
日本
项目类别：
Grant-in-Aid for General Scientific Research (C)
财政年份：
1989
资助国家：
日本
起止时间：
1989 至 1990
项目状态：
已结题

项目摘要

D-amino acids, which were viewed as natural oddities, have recently been found in various animals, plants and bacteria. In marine invertebrates it has been noted that D-alanine occurs in octopus muscle and D-aspartic acid(D-asp)in the nervous tissue of the cephalopods, Loligo, Sepia and Octopus. D-am'lno acids have also been reported in crustaceans, polychastes and bivalves. . These reports are however fragmentary studies, and the metabolism and the functional role of these D-amino acids are not known. This study was aimed to obtain the basic information on the distribution, metabolism and physiological function of D-amino acids especially D-asp in marine animals.On the course of the survey for the presence of free D-asp, an unknown large peak was found on the HPLC chromatogram of Aplysia kurodai- extract. It was isolated by ion-exchange chromatography using Dowex I and 50, and preparative high voltage paper electrophoresis and obtained as crystal. It was shown by optical rotatory dispersion spectrum and optical-resolusion HPLC analysis that this compound was consisted of equimolar amounts of Dasp and glycine. This compound resisted to the Edman's cleavage. This peptide was inferred to be beta-D-aspartylglycine and confirmed by synthesis.Thirty two species of marine animals were surveyed for the presence of free D-asp in their tissues. D-asp was found in all marine animals investigated. In marine invertebrates, D-asp occurred at levels of 20-60% of total Asp(D+L-form). Trace amount of D-asp was also detected in vertebrate(fish). Contrary, beta-aspartylglycine was detected only in Aplysia kurodai and A. juliana. Concerning the metabolism of D-asp in bivalve Mytilus e u is, the enzyme alanine oxaloacetate transaminase could be shown to be present in the mid-gut gland but not D-asp racemase or D-aspartate oxidase. L-alanine is most effective amino group donner to oxaloacetate to synthesis of D-asp in the tissue of M. edulis.

D-氨基酸被认为是天然的奇物，最近在各种动物、植物和细菌中发现。在海洋无脊椎动物中，已经注意到章鱼肌肉中存在D-丙氨酸，头足类动物、枪乌贼、乌贼和章鱼的神经组织中存在D-天冬氨酸（D-asp）。据报道，D-氨基甲酸也存在于甲壳类、多毛类和双壳类动物中。.然而，这些报告是不完整的研究，这些D-氨基酸的代谢和功能作用尚不清楚。为了解D-氨基酸特别是D-asp在海洋动物体内的分布、代谢和生理功能，在对黑台海桑提取物的HPLC色谱图中游离D-asp的存在情况进行调查的过程中，发现了一个未知的大峰。通过使用Dowex I和50的离子交换色谱和制备高压纸电泳分离，并获得晶体。旋光色散谱和旋光-解析HPLC分析表明，该化合物由等摩尔量的Dasp和甘氨酸组成。该化合物抗Edman裂解。本文报道了32种海洋动物组织中游离D-天冬氨酸的含量。在所调查的所有海洋动物中均发现了D-asp。在海洋无脊椎动物中，D-asp占总Asp（D+ L-型）的20-60%。在脊椎动物（鱼）中也检测到微量的D-asp。相反，β-乙酰甘氨酸仅在黑田夜蛾和黑田夜蛾中检测到。朱莉安娜关于D-天冬氨酸在贻贝中的代谢，丙氨酸草酰乙酸转氨酶可以被证明存在于中肠腺中，而不是D-天冬氨酸消旋酶或D-天冬氨酸氧化酶。L-丙氨酸是草酰乙酸合成D-天冬氨酸的最有效氨基供体。美味。