Cultural Adaptation and Strategies on the Use and Management of Coastal Marine Resources in the Tropical Asia and Southwestern Pacific

该项目的主要目的是首先确定热带亚洲和西南太平洋小规模渔民目前的社会经济状况。第二，我们研究了这些渔民在生态和社会背景下对可再生海洋资源的利用。使用定量和定性方法(时间研究、空间使用、食物消费、自给性/商业性捕捞比率)。第三，分析了海参、鱼翅等特定海洋资源的经济作用。在多民族关系以及国际贸易方面，研究地点覆盖了马六甲海峡到美拉尼西亚所罗门群岛之间的广泛地理区域。其中包括马六甲海峡。马来西亚的柔佛、特伦加努、北苏拉威西、三吉河、北马鲁古、基伊和阿鲁。在印度尼西亚，巴布亚海岸和苍蝇在巴布亚新几内亚的河口，以及马拉塔的刘河和兰加兰加河，在…本研究的主要结论是：a)这些区域在物种、采用的技术、经济价值和社会文化意义方面存在多样化的海洋资源利用；b)通过海产品的捕捞和销售存在区域和区域间经济网络；c)广泛采用以社区为基础的习惯海权制度及其转变过程，以适应新技术和现金经济的引入；d)具有文化、司法和国际意义的各种非法捕捞。简而言之，该项目清楚地表明，该地区的海洋社区存在着生态和社会经济的多样性和历史的复杂性。它还表明，迫切需要进一步深入研究海洋资源利用的生态、历史和文化，以便进行海洋人类学研究以及参与这些观点的国家的可持续发展方案。较少

Main purpose of this project is first to identify the present socio-economic status of small-scale fishermen in tropical Asia and the southwestern Pacific. Second, we examine use of renewable marine resources by these fishermen in the ecological and social contexts. using quantitative and qualitative methods (time study, space use, food consumption, ratio of subsistence/commercial fishing). Third, analysis is made on the economic role of particular marine resources such as sea-cucumber, shark fin. trochus shell, mother-of-pearl shells and other commercial sea products with respect to the multi-ethnic relations as well as international trades.Study sited cover a wide geographical area between Malacca Strait to the Solomon Island of Melanesia. These include Malacca Strait. Johor, Trennganu in Malaysia, north Sulawesi, Sangihe Is., north Maluku, Kei and Aru Is. in Indonesia, Papuan coast and the river-mouth of the Fly in Papua New Guinea, and the Lau and the Langalanga of Malaita, in the … More Solomon Islands.Major findings of the present study are a) presence of diversified marine resource use in these region in terms of species, technologies employed, economic values, and socio-cultural signifecances, b) the existence of regional and inter-regional economic networks through harvest and sales of marine products, c) extensive practices of community-based customary sea tenure system and their transformation processes in line with the introduction of new technology and cash economy, d) various types of illegal fishings which have cultural, juridical and international significances.In brief, this project clearly demonstrates that there exist ecological and socio-economic diversities and historical complexities in the maritime communities of the areas. It also suggests a vital need for further in-depth studies on the ecology, history and culture of the use of marine resources for the maritime anthropological studies as well as for sustainable development programes of countries involved in these perspectives. Less