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Cultural Adaptation and Strategies on the Use and Management of Coastal Marine Resources in the Tropical Asia and Southwestern Pacific

热带亚洲和西南太平洋沿海海洋资源利用和管理的文化适应和策略

基本信息

批准号：
02041102
负责人：
AKIMICHI Tomoya
金额：
$ 9.6万
依托单位：
National Museum of Ethnology
依托单位国家：
日本
项目类别：
Grant-in-Aid for international Scientific Research
财政年份：
1990
资助国家：
日本
起止时间：
1990 至 1992
项目状态：
已结题

项目摘要

Main purpose of this project is first to identify the present socio-economic status of small-scale fishermen in tropical Asia and the southwestern Pacific. Second, we examine use of renewable marine resources by these fishermen in the ecological and social contexts. using quantitative and qualitative methods (time study, space use, food consumption, ratio of subsistence/commercial fishing). Third, analysis is made on the economic role of particular marine resources such as sea-cucumber, shark fin. trochus shell, mother-of-pearl shells and other commercial sea products with respect to the multi-ethnic relations as well as international trades.Study sited cover a wide geographical area between Malacca Strait to the Solomon Island of Melanesia. These include Malacca Strait. Johor, Trennganu in Malaysia, north Sulawesi, Sangihe Is., north Maluku, Kei and Aru Is. in Indonesia, Papuan coast and the river-mouth of the Fly in Papua New Guinea, and the Lau and the Langalanga of Malaita, in the … More Solomon Islands.Major findings of the present study are a) presence of diversified marine resource use in these region in terms of species, technologies employed, economic values, and socio-cultural signifecances, b) the existence of regional and inter-regional economic networks through harvest and sales of marine products, c) extensive practices of community-based customary sea tenure system and their transformation processes in line with the introduction of new technology and cash economy, d) various types of illegal fishings which have cultural, juridical and international significances.In brief, this project clearly demonstrates that there exist ecological and socio-economic diversities and historical complexities in the maritime communities of the areas. It also suggests a vital need for further in-depth studies on the ecology, history and culture of the use of marine resources for the maritime anthropological studies as well as for sustainable development programes of countries involved in these perspectives. Less

该项目的主要目的是首先查明热带亚洲和西南太平洋小规模渔民目前的社会经济状况。其次，我们研究这些渔民在生态和社会背景下使用可再生海洋资源。使用定量和定性方法（时间研究、空间使用、食物消费、自给/商业捕鱼比率）。第三，分析了海参、鱼翅等特殊海洋资源的经济作用。研究地点涵盖马六甲海峡至美拉尼西亚所罗门岛之间广阔的地理区域。其中包括马六甲海峡。柔佛、马来西亚的特伦加奴、北苏拉威西、桑吉河群岛、北马鲁古岛、凯岛和阿鲁岛。在印度尼西亚，巴布亚海岸和河流口的苍蝇在巴布亚新几内亚，和刘和兰加兰加的马莱塔，在 ...更多信息所罗门群岛：本研究报告的主要结论是：（a）这些区域在物种、所用技术、经济价值和社会文化意义方面存在着海洋资源的多样化使用;（B）通过海洋产品的收获和销售，存在着区域和区域间的经济网络;（c）海洋产品的生产和销售，（c）社区习惯海洋保有权制度的广泛做法及其随着新技术和现金经济的采用而发生的转变过程，（d）具有文化、法律和国际意义的各种非法捕捞活动。简而言之，该项目清楚地表明，该地区的海洋社区存在着生态和社会经济的多样性和历史的复杂性。这也表明，迫切需要进一步深入研究海洋资源利用的生态、历史和文化，以促进海洋人类学研究以及参与这些观点的国家的可持续发展计划。少