Correlation between functional properties and histochemical classifications of cerebtral motor areas of primates.

该项目的主要目的是将图克大学的一个研究小组的联合收割机神经生理学研究与纽约锡拉丘兹的一个研究小组的组织学和免疫组织化学研究结合起来，目的：研究大脑皮层运动区的功能和形态学结构。这两个实验室之间的国际研究合作已经广泛实现，导致非常成功的研究工作。研究结果是如此之多，以至于有可能只描述以下主要的研究结果。(1)皮质扣带运动区的组织学鉴定和细胞活性的生理学分析。扣带皮层中的三个独立区域被确定为前肢运动区。在每个区域的细胞活动被发现是区域特定的训练运动任务。(2)内侧额叶一个新的皮质运动区的描绘。补充运动区的吻侧，一个新的运动相关皮层 ...更多信息 根据生理学和组织学结果确定面积。(3)补充运动区（supplementary motor area，SMA）SMA活动被发现经历塑性变化，这取决于如何执行运动任务。初级运动皮层损伤后也出现可塑性改变。(4)从基底神经节到SMA的投射系统的鉴定。应用荧光染料和酶的组织化学示踪技术明确识别从基底神经节通过丘脑到SMA的投射系统，获得了成功的结果。(5)运动任务顺序执行的神经元机制。在基底神经节和小脑中发现了负责运动行为排序的神经元活动，每个神经元都涉及运动控制的不同方面。(6)利用HSV-1病毒的皮质-皮质下回路的免疫组织化学研究。Coirtico-thalamo-palladal和cortico-thalamo-cerebellar神经回路通过使用不同的HSV-1病毒株鉴定。(7)运动前区微量注射化学神经递质。应用抑制性神经递质GABA及其激动剂蝇蕈醇揭示灵长类动物运动前区的功能分区。少

The primary aim of this project is to combine neurophysiological study by a research group in Took University with histological and immunohistochemical study by a research group in Syracuse, N.Y., in order to study functional and morphological organization of motor area in the cerebral cortex. The international research collaboration between these two laboratories have been extensively achieved, resulting in extremely successful research works. The research findings are so numerous that it is possible to describe only major ones as follows.(1) Histological identification of cortical cingulate motor areas, and physiological analysis of cellular activity. Three separate areas in the cingulate cortex were identified as forelimb motor areas. Cellular activity in each area is found to be region-specific in relation to trained motor tasks.(2) Delineation of a new cortical motor area in the mesial frontal lobe. lmmediately rostral to the supplementary motor area, a new motor related cortical … More area was defined on the basis of physiological and histological findings.(3) Functional plasticity of the supplementary motor area (SMA). SMA activity was found to undergo plastic changes, depending on how motor tasks were performed. Plastic changes after lesioning of primary motor cortex were also found.(4) ldentification of projection systems from basal ganglia to SMA. Histochemical tracer techniques with fluorescent dyes and enzymes were applied to identify unequivocally the projection system from the basal ganglia through the thalamus to SMA, yielding successful results.(5) Neuronal mechanisms for sequential performance of motor tasks. Neuronal activity responsible for sequencing of motor behavior was found in the basal ganglia and cerebellum, each with regard to different aspects of motor control.(6) lmmunohistochemical study of cortico-subcortical circuits utilizing HSV-1 viruses. Coirtico-thalamo-pallidal and cortico-thalamo-cerebellar neural circuits were identified by the use of different strains of HSV-1 viruses.(7) Microinjection of chemical neurotransmitters into premotor areas. The inhibitory neurotransmitter, GABA, and its agonist, muscimol, were applied to reveal functional subdivisions of premotor areas of primates. Less