Molecular polymorphism, gene regulation and adaptive evolution of duplicated amylase genes in Drosophila.

果蝇重复淀粉酶基因的分子多态性、基因调控和适应性进化。

• 批准号: 02044113
• 负责人: YAMAZAKI Tsuneyuki
• 金额: $ 4.1万
• 依托单位: Kyusyu University
• 依托单位国家: 日本
• 项目类别: Grant-in-Aid for international Scientific Research
• 财政年份: 1990
• 资助国家: 日本
• 起止时间: 1990 至 1991
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://kaken.nii.ac.jp/grant/KAKENHI-PROJECT-02044113/
• 关键词: Isozyme polymorphism; Amylase; Duplicated genes; Concerted evolution; Drosophila; gene regulation; Inducibility; 調節領域

DNA sequences of several polymorphic isozymes at duplicated amylase genes were determined in Drosophila melanogaster and its sibling species. Large differences in base sequences between different allozymes compared with identical allozymes indicated long history of different isozymes. In addition, differences between the two duplicated amylase genes within species were much smaller than those of the equivalent locus between different species, indicating the existence of concerted evolution between duplicated genes within species the evidence of concerted evolution was observed only in the coding region but not in the spacer regions. Theoretical study is still under way, concerning the molecular mechanism of this phenomenon. We also cloned a transfacting regulatory gene on the X-chromosome, which appears to affect the inducibility of amylase. The function of this gene is being investigated using P-element mediated transformation technique.

测定了黑腹果蝇（Drosophilamelanogaster）及其近缘种的淀粉酶基因多态性同工酶的DNA序列。不同等位酶之间的碱基序列与相同等位酶之间的差异较大，表明不同同工酶的历史较长。此外，两个重复的淀粉酶基因在种内的差异远小于相同基因在不同种间的差异，表明种内重复基因之间存在协同进化，协同进化的证据仅在编码区而非间隔区观察到。关于这一现象的分子机制的理论研究仍在进行中。我们还在X染色体上克隆了一个转录调控基因，它似乎影响淀粉酶的诱导。该基因的功能正在使用P元件介导的转化技术进行研究。

项目成果

Mukai,T.,K.Harada,Kusakabe and T.Yamazaki: "Estimation of Spontaneous mutation rates at enzyme loci in Drosophila melanogaster." Proc.Natl.Acad.Sci.USA. 66. 29-32 (1990)

Mukai，T.，K.Harada，Kusakabe 和 T.Yamazaki：“果蝇酶位点自发突变率的估计。”

Tanaka,T.,and T.Yamazaki: "Fitness and its components in Drosophila melanogaster." Jpn.J.Genet.65. 417-426 (1990)

Tanaka,T. 和 T.Yamazaki：“黑腹果蝇的健康及其组成部分。”

Nitasaka,E.and T.Yamazaki: "A novel eye morphology induced by P element in somatic tissue of Drosophila melanogaster." Molecular and General Genetics. 227. 181-186 (1991)

Nitasaka，E. 和 T.Yamazaki：“黑腹果蝇体组织中 P 元素诱导的新型眼睛形态。”

Yamazaki,T.: "POPULATION BIOLOGY OF GENES AND MOLECULES (Nucleotide polymorphism and evolution of multigine families in Drosophila.)" ed.by N.Takahata and J.F.Crow (Baifukan), 151-167 (1990)

Yamazaki,T.：“基因和分子的群体生物学（果蝇中的核苷酸多态性和多基因家族的进化。）”，N.Takahata 和 J.F.Crow 编辑（Baifukan），151-167（1990）

Nitasaka,E.and T.Yamazaki: "The relationship between DNA structural variations and activities of P elements in typical P and Q strains of Drosophila melanogaster." Genet.Res.Camb.(1991)

Nitasaka，E. 和 T.Yamazaki：“果蝇典型 P 和 Q 品系中 DNA 结构变异与 P 元件活性之间的关系。”