Control of Electron Transfer and Molecular Devices by the Use of Molecular Thin Films and Interfaces between Two Phases

近年来，分子尺度的朗缪尔-布洛杰特(LB)膜、有机分子束外延(MBE)膜、电聚合膜、等离子体聚合膜等超薄膜的制备已经成为可能。人们也清楚地认识到，嵌入在脂质双层中的氧化还原酶在控制生物体系中的电子传递和能量转换中起着重要的作用。此外，扫描隧道显微镜(STM)的研究也成为研究超薄膜结构和两相界面的热门。在这种情况下，我们可以利用扫描隧道显微镜(STM)来研究超薄膜的结构和两相之间的界面。在这些情况下，人们已经清楚地认识到，嵌入在脂质双层中的氧化还原酶在控制电子传递和能量转换方面发挥着重要作用本次合作研究(A)的目的是通过活跃在该领域的科学家之间的合作研究活动，在“超薄膜内和两相之间的电子转移的控制和分子器件的发展”的主题下发展以下主题。主要内容包括五个子课题：1)聚合物超薄膜与液体溶液界面电子转移的控制；2)LB膜和分子组件中电子转移的控制及其在分子器件中的应用；3)通过电子转移控制能量向化学物质的转化；4)生物分子间电子转移的控制；5)固体表面和STM上的电子转移。我们几乎可以达到我们的目的，通过成员们在一年一度的会议上的富有成果的讨论，进一步交流科学技术和思想，包括小组成员中的年轻科学家。作为三年努力的成果，我们发表了这份报告，并对该领域的未来进行了展望。

Recently,it became possible to make ultra thin films with thickness of molecular dimension such as Langmuir- Blodgett(LB) films,organic molecular beam epitaxial(MBE) films,electropolymerized films,plasma polymerized films,etc.It also become clear in terms of the structures and the functions that redox enzymes embedded in lipid bilayers play important roles in the control of electron transfer and thus energy conversion in biological systems.In addition,the study of Scanning Tunneling Microscope(STM) becomes popular to study the structures of the ultra thin films and the interface between two phases.In these situations,the purpose of the present co-operative research(A) is to develop the following subjects under the main theme of "the control of the electron transfer in the ultra thin films and between two phases and development of molecular devices" by co-operative research activities among active scientists in the fields. The main theme consists of five sub-subjects: 1)the control of electron transfer at the interface between polymer ultra thin films and liquid solutions, 2)the control of electron transfer in LB films and in molecular assemblies and its application to molecular devices, 3)conversion of energy to chemicals by control of electron transfer, 4)control of electron transfer between biomolecules,and 5)electron transfer on solid surfaces and STM.We could attain almost our purposes and further we could exchange scientific techniques and ideas among the members including young scientists belonging to the team members through the fruitful discussions in the annual meetings in which the members stayed in the same lodges and meals. As the results of these efforts for three years,we published the report and also could have future prospects in this field.