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Study on the development of the Physics and Physical Apparatus from the 19th century to the first half of the 20th century.

研究19世纪至20世纪上半叶物理学和物理仪器的发展。

基本信息

批准号：
02402056
负责人：
IHARA Satoshi
金额：
$ 1.92万
依托单位：
Ibaraki University
依托单位国家：
日本
项目类别：
Grant-in-Aid for General Scientific Research (A)
财政年份：
1990
资助国家：
日本
起止时间：
1990 至 1991
项目状态：
已结题

来源：
https://kaken.nii.ac.jp/grant/KAKENHI-PROJECT-02402056/
关键词：
History of Science History of Physics Physical Science Scientific Instruments Experiment 19th Century 20th Century 実験論

项目摘要

1. On the collected materials : I have made a hurried survey of the historical materials (Phil. Trans., Phil. Mag., Proc. Roy. Inst., Proe. Roy. Soc. . Rev. Sci. Instr., Ann. d. Phys., Compt. Ren., J. Phys., Amer. J. Sci., Sci. Amer., et.) and I collected and filied articuls of experiment in physics from the 19th century to the first half of the 20th century.2. On the data processing : I have inputted source of collected articles, drawings, photographs and videos of scientific apparatus and instruments, especially photographs and videos of original apparatus which had taken by me. Then I made a system of taking full advantage of these data on an experimental basis with computer.3. The physical problems and experiments in the 19th century : These are summarized as case studies, followings ; (1) The optical experiments of T. Young. (2) The experiments of electricchemistry of H. Davy. (3) The development of batteries in the first half of the 19th century. (4) On the development and formation of the chemical concept" atoms and molecule" and physical method. (5) The photosynthesis and optics in the 19th century. (6) W. Haggins and his astrospectroscopy. (7) J. N. Locker and his astrospectroseopy. (8) A. A. Michelson and his measurements of light velocity. (9) The Curie's experiment by method of electric compensation. (10) H. A. Rowland and the magnetic effect of electric convection.4. Experiments and social function : These are summarized as case studies, followings ; (1) J. Henry and his electric-telegraphy. (2) Wheatstone and his measurement of electric resistance. (3) Lord Kelvin and submarine cables. (4) The electrical units and works of committee on electrical standards. (5) H. Hertz and photoelectric effect. (6) The semiconduction phenomena researches in the early days. (7) The temperature measurements in the 19th century. (8) Kamerlingh Onnes's liquefying apparatus for helium. (9) The calculating machines in the 19th century.

1. 关于收集到的材料：我对历史材料做了一个匆忙的调查(菲尔。反式。菲尔。麦格，罗伊法官。本月,证明。罗伊。Soc。启科学。Instr。,安。d。物理。,点数。任。J.物理学。,阿米尔。j .科学。,科学。阿米尔。我收集并归档了19世纪至20世纪上半叶的物理学实验论文。在数据处理方面：我输入了收集的文章来源，科学仪器的图纸，照片和视频，特别是我拍摄的原始仪器的照片和视频。然后，我用计算机在实验的基础上，充分利用了这些数据，制作了一个系统。19世纪的物理问题和实验：将它们总结为案例研究，如下：(1)杨氏光学实验。(2)戴维的电化学实验。19世纪上半叶电池的发展。(4)化学“原子分子”概念和物理方法的发展和形成。(5) 19世纪的光合作用与光学。(6)哈金斯和他的天体光谱学。(7) j.n.洛克和他的天体光谱学。(8)迈克尔逊和他对光速的测量。(9)用电补偿法进行居里实验。（10）罗兰与电对流的磁效应。实验与社会功能：这些总结为案例研究，如下；亨利和他的电报。(2)惠斯通和他的电阻测量法。开尔文勋爵和海底电缆。（四）电气单位和电气标准委员会的工作。(5) H.赫兹效应和光电效应。(6)早期的半导体现象研究。(7) 19世纪的温度测量。(8)卡默林昂尼斯的氦液化装置。19世纪的计算机。