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A Positive Research on the Development of Manufacturing Technology of Scientific Instruments in Japan.

日本科学仪器制造技术发展的实证研究。

基本信息

批准号：
08458011
负责人：
IHARA Satoshi
金额：
$ 4.16万
依托单位：
TOHOKU UNIVERSITY
依托单位国家：
日本
项目类别：
Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (B)
财政年份：
1996
资助国家：
日本
起止时间：
1996 至 1997
项目状态：
已结题

项目摘要

The purpose of this research is to investigate how experimental science, apparatus for experiment, and manufacturing technology of scientific instruments have developed in Japan. As a result, we made up a framework of the history of manufacturing technology of scientific instruments in Japan. And then, the result of our research clearly shows that Japanese scientific researches had been carried out through its physical bases which depended largely on the overseas supply since the Meiji era.The actual condition on preservation of historical scientific instruments in Japan has not sufficiently been investigated until today. We made every effort to construct the database on historical scientific instruments. The survey results definitely indicate that the history of Japanese scientific instruments can not be discussed without introduction of manufacturing technologies for scientific instruments as well as import of such scientific instruments from the West.After the 1st World War, scientific researchers demanded domestic production of scientific instruments had increased, and there, close connection between scientific researchers and scientific instrument manufacturers had emerged. This situation greatly helped the making of unique research apparatus. As a matter of course, manufacturing technology of scientific instruments not only corresponds to the level of production technology, but also it gives a significant influence to the level of its scientific research. We are assuming that a kind of coordination exists between scientific instuments and science or production technology, and that will be used as an indicator of the scientific research level of respective nation and respective time.

本研究的目的是调查日本的实验科学、实验装置以及科学仪器的制造技术的发展情况。由此，我们构建了日本科学仪器制造技术历史的框架。然后，我们的研究结果清楚地表明，自明治时代以来，日本的科学研究一直是通过其物理基础进行的，很大程度上依赖于海外供应。日本历史科学仪器保存的实际情况直到今天还没有得到充分的调查。全力建设历史科学仪器数据库。调查结果明确表明，日本科学仪器的历史离不开引进科学仪器制造技术以及从西方进口科学仪器。第一次世界大战后，科研人员对科学仪器国产化的需求增加，科研人员与科学仪器制造商之间出现了密切的联系。这种情况极大地帮助了独特的研究仪器的制造。当然，科学仪器的制造技术不仅与生产技术水平相对应，而且对其科学研究水平也有重大影响。我们假设科学仪器与科学或生产技术之间存在某种协调性，并将其作为衡量各个国家、各个时代的科学研究水平的指标。