An analytic philosophical study of historical narratives

历史叙事的分析哲学研究

• 批准号: 02610001
• 负责人: NOE Keiichi
• 金额: $ 1.34万
• 依托单位: Tohoku University
• 依托单位国家: 日本
• 项目类别: Grant-in-Aid for General Scientific Research (C)
• 财政年份: 1990
• 资助国家: 日本
• 起止时间: 1990 至 1991
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://kaken.nii.ac.jp/grant/KAKENHI-PROJECT-02610001/
• 关键词: philosophy of history; historiography; narrative sentence; narrative act; ideal chronicle; folklore; hermeneutic; speech act theory; 理想的年代記

The traditional philosophy of history mainly treated with such a global problem as "the meaning of history" or "the direction of history. " It was generally characterized as "the science of a world-view. " But now, after the sense of value is diversified and the Europe-centered view of history is radically criticized, the Hegelian philosophy of history which totally explained the development of world history become useless and the emergence of new philosophy of history is in expectation. This requires an investigation to focus not on the macroscopic world-view, but on the microscopic "historical narrative. " In this study, I tried to explicate the basic structure of historical narrative by means of the analytic philosophy, especially the speech act theory.In essence, history is not "made" or "become" but "narrated. " This thesis is nothing other than the starting-point of my study. Historical events which are objects of historical narrative, are not bare reproductions of past events as they were. They are selected and reorganized by our perspectives of remembrance, in other words "hermeneutically transformed. " Thus, historical events should be called "hermeneutical facts" rather than "objective facts. " But, if remembrance of the past is not mediated by an act of narrative, it remains mere personal reminiscence. It is the "structurization" and the "intersubjectivization" through speech acts that makes the necessary condition of historical facts. We would like to call this kind of speech act which constitutes the basic unit of historiography "narrative act. " History is nothing but the product of "poiesis" of narrative acts. The result of this study is that we elucidate the concept of narrative act and combine it with the basic theory for the philosophy of history.

传统历史哲学主要处理的是“历史的意义”或“历史的方向”这样的全球性问题。它通常被描述为“世界观的科学”。但在价值观念多元化、以欧洲为中心的历史观遭到彻底批判的今天，完全解释世界历史发展的黑格尔历史哲学已变得毫无用处，新的历史哲学的出现是可以期待的。这就要求考察的重点不是宏观的世界观，而是微观的“历史叙事”。在本研究中，我试图用分析哲学，特别是言语行为理论来阐释历史叙事的基本结构。从本质上讲，历史不是“创造”或“成为”的，而是“叙述的”。这篇论文正是我研究的起点。作为历史叙事对象的历史事件，并不是过去事件的简单再现。它们是通过我们记忆的视角来选择和重新组织的，换句话说，就是“解释学上的转变”。因此，历史事件应该被称为“解释事实”，而不是“客观事实”。但是，如果对过去的记忆不是通过叙事行为来调节的，那么它仍然只是个人的回忆。正是通过言语行为实现的“结构化”和“主体间化”，构成了历史事实的必要条件。这种构成史学基本单位的言语行为，我们称之为“叙事行为”。历史不过是叙事行为“虚构”的产物。本研究的成果在于阐明了叙事行为的概念，并将其与历史哲学的基本理论相结合。

项目成果

野家 啓一 ほか6名 (共著): "物語(現代哲学の冒険、第8巻)" 岩波書店, 440 (1990)

野谷圭一等6人（合着）：《故事（近代哲学历险记第8卷）》岩波书店，440（1990）

Keiichi Noe: ""The end of history and the rebirth of narrative"" Hon(Book). 15. 22-28 (1990)

野江敬一：“历史的终结与叙事的重生”本（书）。

野家 啓一,ほか五名: "物語(現代哲学の冒険 第八巻)" 岩波書店, 440 (1990)

野谷圭一等五人：《故事（现代哲学历险记第8卷）》岩波书店，440（1990）

Keiichi Noe: NARRATIVE, Iwanami. "An inquiry into narrative act", 440 (1990)

野江敬一：叙述，岩波。

野家 啓一ほか6名(共著): "物語(現代哲学の冒険,第8巻)" 岩波書店, 440 (1990)

野谷圭一等6人（合着）：《故事（近代哲学历险记第8卷）》岩波书店，440（1990）