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A Study on the Changing Nature of Skills and Reorganization of Training in the Enterprise with a Progress of Microelectronics

随着微电子技术的进步，企业技能性质的变化与培训重组研究

基本信息

批准号：
02610121
负责人：
NAGATA Kazuyuki
金额：
$ 0.77万
依托单位：
Fukuoka University of Education
依托单位国家：
日本
项目类别：
Grant-in-Aid for General Scientific Research (C)
财政年份：
1990
资助国家：
日本
起止时间：
1990 至 1991
项目状态：
已结题

项目摘要

At the present, the level of productivity in japan is at a stage of factory automation supported by progress of microelectronics. There are organized flexible manufacturing system controlled by minicomputer. More recent changes in electric machine industries have often provided a more profound challenge to traditional skills. For example of the electrical equipment industry, electrical employers transformed the work of making electric appliances. The craftsmen, who had used their own specialist skill and knowledge to produce the electric appliances, were replaced bv workers and required little training to do the job. Nowadays, they were replaced by robots. The general trend is towards a polarisation between a minority of highly trained and rewarded workers, and the majority of the low skilled and less well rewarded. But new skills are still being created. In the motor and electrical equioment industry, polytechnic college in company was established and trained technician engineer. One of tne most interesting applications of new technology is the SAFAIA system in the iron industry, Following a massive investment program, a shaft furnetce will be operated from acentral control room, using a system of artificial intelligence. The introduction of artificial intelligence system reduced the amount of operator skill and controal. As is normal in any period of major technological change new skills are still being created. Access to a higher level of technology gave steel workers arguably increased aspects of sktlls. This kind of automation required workers ability to Keep maintenance.

目前，日本的生产力水平正处于以微电子技术进步为支撑的工厂自动化阶段。有小型计算机控制的有组织的柔性制造系统。电机行业最近的变化往往对传统技能提出了更深刻的挑战。例如，在电气设备行业，电气雇主改变了制造电器的工作。工匠们利用自己的专业技能和知识生产电器，被工人取代，几乎不需要培训就可以完成这项工作。如今，它们被机器人取代。总的趋势是走向两极分化，少数受过高等教育和报酬丰厚的工人，和大多数低技能和报酬较低的工人。但新的技能仍在创造中。在电机电器行业，公司成立了理工学院，培养了技术工程师。新技术最有趣的应用之一是SAFAIA系统在钢铁工业中的应用。在一项大规模的投资计划之后，一个竖炉将在中央控制室使用人工智能系统进行操作。人工智能系统的引入减少了操作员的技能和控制量。在任何重大技术变革时期，新的技能仍在创造，这是正常的。获得更高水平的技术可以说给了钢铁工人更多的sktlls方面。这种自动化需要工人保持维护的能力。