A Study on the Development of Restructuring and Reorganization of Vocational Training in the Iron and Steel Industry.

1980年以来，钢铁工业生产过程技术革新的特点是计算机化的进步。在Biron工厂，计算机化的第三阶段开始了，钢铁工作正在从硬件控制向软件控制转变。在生产线工作中，生产设施的操作工作与进度自动化相关，监控劳动力的重要性要大得多。但仍然需要以体力劳动为中介。就正常操作而言，经验的重要性降低是事实。然而，经验在烦恼的对应中起着重要的作用。另一方面，计算机化的进步也对维修工作产生了很大的影响。由于计算机在维修部分的引入，我们客观上有了维修工作的经验技能，也有了作为知识来学习的可能性。即用维修工作的经验技能代替科学技术知识。目前，在钢铁生产中，工作岗位不断扩大，生产线和维修部分之间的多技术工人不断发展。教育培训与管理的结合比1970年更加加强。具有科学智能工作和判断要素的维修工作需要“脱产培训”。维修人员需要智力和解决问题的能力，仅靠“在职培训”是无法获得维修人员的能力的，而通过“脱产培训”才能满足维修人员的能力。在钢铁工业中，小团体活动被称为JK活动。JK活动通过企业内部的教育和培训发挥了人力发展的重要作用。

Since 1980, character of technical innovation in production process of iron and steel industry is progress of computerization. In the Biron works, the third stage of computerization is started, iron and steel work is transferring from hardware-control to software-control.In the case of line work, operation work of production facilities have a far greater importance of monitoring labor in relation to progress automation. But it is still necessary to be mediated by manual labor. As far as normal operating is concerned, it is fact that importance of experience decrease. However, experience plays an important part in the correspondence of trouble.On the other hand, progress of computerization too had a great influence on maintenance work. On account of introduction of computer into maintenance part, we have objectively experiential skill of maintenance work and we have possibility to learn as knowledge. Namely, we substitute experiential skill of maintenance work for scientific-technical knowledge.At the present time, we have a progress in job enlargement, multi-skilled worker between line part and maintenance part in iron and steel work.Combination of education-training and management of promotion and upgrading intensified more than in 1970.Maintenance work with scientific-intelligent work and judgment element demands "off the job training". Maintenancemen are demanded intelligence and problem solving ability, and we cannot acquire its ability only "on the job training" , but are able to satisfy its ability with "off the job training" .Small group activity in iron and steel industry are called JK activity. JK activity play important part of man-power development with education and training within enterprise.