Study on Forest Utilization Patterns in Southeast Asia : Changes in the Course of Socio-economic Development

东南亚森林利用模式研究:社会经济发展进程的变化

基本信息

批准号：
03041021
负责人：
NAGATA Shin
金额：
$ 9.6万
依托单位：
THE UNIVERSITY OF TOKYO
依托单位国家：
日本
项目类别：
Grant-in-Aid for international Scientific Research
财政年份：
1991
资助国家：
日本
起止时间：
1991 至 1993
项目状态：
已结题

项目摘要

According to the latest FAO statistics, we are loosing 15.4 million ha of tropical forests world-wide. Among these tropical deforestation, only 3.9 million ha, or one fourth is counted for by Asia and Pacific. Yet in terms of deforestation ratio to forest cover area, Asia and Pacific suffer more than the other regions. Especially, Continental South Eastern Asia poses 1.8%, and Insular South Eastern Asia, 1.4% whereas the world average is 0.8%.Comparing these situations, forest cover is now increasing in most developed countries, though they have had lost enormous amount of forest once. By the same token, we expect the same turn in developing countries. But WHEN and HOW?We choose the Philippines, Thailand, and Indonesia to study in depth. These countries belong to different stages of socio-economic development. According to United Nation's classification, Indonesia is classified as "low-income economies" with $570 per capita GNP in 1990 with its annual growth rate of 4.5% for the period of 1965-1990. The Philippines and Thailand belong to "middle-income economies" classification with $730 and $1,420 per capita income and 1.3% and 4.4% annual growth rates respectively.The Philippines almost used up its natural forests and now trying to restore it through social forestry approaches. The level of economic activities doesn't seem to affect deforestation there. In case of Thailand, economic growth brought about higher timber prices, which promotes tree farming with assistance of the government. Indonesia has relatively abundant amount of forest left. With this natural forest traditional shifting cultivation is being replaced by non-traditional and environmental disturbing type of slush and burn agriculture.We studied remote sensing techniques to estimate area of clearing forest and other disturbance in forest in Indonesia and area of new plantation in Thailand to evaluate the above said situations in each country.

根据最新的粮农组织统计数据，我们在全球范围内失去了1540万公顷的热带森林。在这些热带森林砍伐中，仅390万公顷或四分之一被亚洲和太平洋算在内。然而，就森林砍伐比率与森林覆盖区域而言，亚洲和太平洋比其他地区的遭受更大的痛苦。尤其是，东南亚大陆的占1.8％和岛上的东南亚，1.4％，而世界平均水平为0.8％。与这些情况相结合，尽管大多数发达国家的森林覆盖率都在增加，尽管它们曾经损失过大量的森林。同样，我们希望发展中国家有同样的转变。但是何时又如何？我们选择菲律宾，泰国和印度尼西亚进行深入研究。这些国家属于社会经济发展的不同阶段。根据联合国的分类，印度尼西亚被归类为“低收入经济体”，1990年人均GNP $ 570，其年增长率为1965 - 1990年的年增长率为4.5％。菲律宾和泰国分别属于“中等收入经济体”分类，分别为$ 730和1,420美元的人均收入和1.3％和4.4％的年增长率。菲律宾几乎消耗了其天然林，现在试图通过社会林业方法来恢复它。经济活动的水平似乎不会影响那里的森林砍伐。在泰国的情况下，经济增长带来了更高的木材价格，这在政府的协助下促进了树木种植。印度尼西亚剩下的森林量相对大量。使用这种天然森林，传统的转变耕作被非传统和环境令人不安的泥泥和燃烧农业所取代。我们研究了遥感技术，以估算印度尼西亚森林和泰国新种植园的森林和其他森林中的其他干扰，以评估上述每个国家 /地区的上述情况。