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Studies on the relationships between dietary amino acids and brain neurotransmitters of different aged rats.

不同年龄大鼠膳食氨基酸与脑神经递质关系的研究

基本信息

批准号：
03660094
负责人：
YOKOGOSHI Hidehiko
金额：
$ 1.34万
依托单位：
THE UNIVERSITY OF SHIZUOKA
依托单位国家：
日本
项目类别：
Grant-in-Aid for General Scientific Research (C)
财政年份：
1991
资助国家：
日本
起止时间：
1991 至 1992
项目状态：
已结题

项目摘要

1. Effect of amino acid supplementation to a low-protein diet on brain neurotransmitters and memory-learning ability of rats was investigated. In the brightness-discrimination learning test, the number of total responses of rats fed the amino acid-supplemented diet increased as compared with that of rats fed the nonsupplemented diet.2. By using the method of microdialysis, the release of catecholamines from the striatum of rats administered by tyrosine (the substrate of catecholamine synthesis) was determined. Tyrosine administration caused the significant increase of dopamine release from striatum.3. Effect of several kinds of tea components, such as caffeine, theanine, glutamine and r-aminobutyric acid on brain neurotransmitters or blood pressure was determined. Then, we found that the large dose of theanine decreased the blood pressure of spontaneously hypertensive rats.4. Effects of various kind of fats or fatty acids on brain tryptophan and 5-hydroxyindoles were determined. Accumulation of brain tryptophan in rats after administering various fats or fatty acids was observed.5. Effects of peptide mixture with high Fischer s ratio (branched-chain amino acids/aromatic amino acids) on serum and cerebral cortex amino acids levels and on cerebral cortex monoamines levels in comparison with amino acid mixture with high Fischer s ratio were investigated. The concentrations of amino acids and monoamines in brain were changed by the administration of different kind of peptide.6. The rate of brain protein synthesis of rats fed different kind of protein or different amount of protein was determined. The rate of brain protein synthesis was easily affected by the changes in quality or quantity of dietary protein.

1.本文研究了低蛋白饲料中补充氨基酸对大鼠脑内神经递质和记忆学习能力的影响。在亮度辨别学习实验中，与未补充氨基酸的大鼠相比，补充氨基酸的大鼠总反应次数增加.本文用微透析法测定了大鼠纹状体经酪氨酸（儿茶酚胺合成的底物）处理后释放的儿茶酚胺。酪氨酸给药引起纹状体多巴胺释放显著增加.研究了茶叶中咖啡因、茶氨酸、谷氨酰胺、r-氨基丁酸等成分对脑神经递质和血压的影响。然后，我们发现大剂量的茶氨酸可以降低自发性高血压大鼠的血压.测定了各种脂肪或脂肪酸对脑色氨酸和5-羟基吲哚的影响。在给予各种脂肪或脂肪酸后，大鼠脑中色氨酸的积累被抑制.研究了具有高Fischer比率的肽混合物（支链氨基酸/芳香族氨基酸）与具有高Fischer比率的氨基酸混合物相比对血清和大脑皮层氨基酸水平以及对大脑皮层单胺水平的影响。脑内氨基酸和单胺类物质的含量随肽种类的不同而变化.测定了不同蛋白质种类和不同蛋白质量喂养的大鼠脑蛋白质合成速率。脑蛋白质的合成速率易受饲料蛋白质量或数量变化的影响。