Studies on Specialty Biomaterials Carrying Glycochains as Biological Ricognition Signals

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Well-defined polymers having carbohydrate chains have been synthesized and applied for cell-specific biomedical materials using the carbohydrates as the key participants in cell-cell recognitions.(1)Regiosperfcifically fluorinated stereoregular polysaccharides, 3-deoxy-3- fluoro-(1*6)-alpha-D-glucopyranan was synthesized via ring-opening polymerization of anhydro sugar derivative.(2)beta-Galactosidase-catalyzed synthesis followed by radical polymerization of macromonomer gave a new type of glycopolymers having biologically important N-acetyllactosamine derivatives.(3)Graft copolymers consiting of synthetic polymer backbone and polysaccharide grafts have been synthesized by phosphorylase-catalyzed synthesis of amylose-substituted styrene derivative and its polymerization.(4)Amphiphilic graft copolymers having clustered glucosides have been obtained via macromonomers of methacryloyloxyethel alpha-D-glucopyranoside.(5)A new type of assemblies of liver cells containing hepatocytes, endothelial cells, and Kupffer cells have been constructed by co-culture on lactosecarrying polystyrene as substratum.(6)Erythrocytes have been fond to attach strongly to a polystyrene derivative carrying reducing-glucose moieties. The dynamic recognition between glucose transporter molecules and reducing glucose moieties is suggested.