Theorization of Community-based Problem Solving in PHC

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Recent years have seen changes in health problems, the relationship between health professionals and lay people, changes in family composition, changes in industry, accompanied by changes in the organization and function of the community. The degree of change between developed and developing countries is rapidly becoming an issue. This research brings together researchers from the U.S. (Hawaii), Thailand and Japan to collaborate and work on this topic from the perspective of not just one country but rather by examining community-based health problems on an international level. The main theme of this research focuses on the term and the various interpretations/understandings of "community-based". This basic yet extremely important point is examined through : 1) the idea of community-based activity as opposed to hospital and/or institution-based. 2) While recognizing the major role and leadership of physicians, health and medical specialists in community medicine and community health ; in community-based, the characteristic is that the citizens and lay people play the main role and bear a major part of the burden in activities. 3) Community-based works on the principle that emphasis should be on health-related social, environmental and administrative elements, in contrast to the focus being on each person taking control of his/her life and making the individualistic lifestyle changes needed. 4) The "community" in community-based includes in its meaning the strengthening of cooperation, collaboration and organization among citizens, organizations and institutions.The main focus of the local surveys was on poverty, low-income, handicapped, elderly as well as diabetic and AIDS patients, etc., and looked at strengthening cooperation and the establishment of support systems.In addition, the rather recent formation and development of activities of voluntary groups such as self-help groups, supportive networks and other volunteer groups was examined.