The scientific and technological culture of divided Berlin as reflected in the museums

在现代社会中，不仅文学、戏剧、电影、艺术和音乐塑造了人们的自我理解和身份，而且科学和技术也越来越多地决定了人们的自我理解和身份。因此，一部全面的文化史应该包括科学和技术文化。柏林及其战后的发展似乎注定要对这些社会和政治条件有更深刻的理解。毕竟，1945年后，两种体系在这里发生了碰撞，在一个被分割但各部分之间总是密切相关的城市里，文化竞争在各种渗透性和孤立性的星座中发生。在原子和空间时代，在人造卫星和“科技革命”时代，这种竞争是激烈的，特别是在科学和技术的竞技场。正如有一个特定的柏林音乐生活，一个艺术，电影和文学场景和剧院景观，有一个科学和技术文化的形式，博物馆和展览，太。他们在柏林文化史上的地位至今仍是开放的。该项目旨在填补战后时期的这一迫切需要，并分析科学与社会之间的交流和知识流通机构-特别是博物馆、展览和其他形式的科学和技术公开展示，如天文台和科学中心。作为展览媒介，它们为社会科学技术话语做出了独特的贡献。没有什么地方能比博物馆和展览更直接地体验这些，更生动地讨论这些，但也更容易在意识形态和政治上被工具化。第二次世界大战前，柏林从一个住宅城市迅速崛起为一个工业大都会，发展出了丰富的科学博物馆和技术展览，这些都是市民日常生活的一部分。但战后重建这座博物馆的工作很困难。为了满足对珍贵的老博物馆和新机构的持续需求，西柏林的民间社会行为者和东柏林的个人和（国家控制的）组织的倡议往往参与重建。鉴于科学和技术在两种制度之间的竞争中的核心作用，并由于在修建隔离墙之前存在的独特格局，这使得柏林人能够受益于两种政治制度的好处，这两种制度之间的边界可以渗透，即使在隔离墙修建之后，这两种制度仍然保持着密切的相互关系，分裂的柏林的案例为科学技术文化的社会作用和政治条件提供了特别深远的见解。

Not only literature, theatre, film, art and music shaped the self-understanding and identity of people in modern societies, but also science and technology, which increasingly determined them. A comprehensive cultural history should therefore include the culture of science and technology. Berlin and its post-war development seem predestined for a more profound understanding of these societal and political conditions. After all, this is the place where two systems collided after 1945 and where, in a city that was divided but always closely related to one another between its parts, cultural competition took place in various constellations of permeability and isolation. In the atomic and space age and in the times of Sputnik and the "scientific-technical revolution", this competition was fought out, especially in the arena of science and technology. Just as there was a specific Berlin music life, an art, cinema and literature scene and a theatre landscape, there was a science and technology culture in the form of museums and exhibitions, too. Their place in Berlin's cultural history has so far remained open. The project aims to fill this desideratum for the post-war period and to analyse the institutions of exchange and knowledge circulation between science and society - in particular, museums, exhibitions and other forms of public presentation of science and technology such as observatories and science centres. As exhibition media, they made a unique contribution to the societal discourse on science and technology. Nowhere can these be experienced more directly, discussed more vividly, but also more easily instrumentalized ideologically and politically than in museums and exhibitions. Before the Second World War, Berlin, which had rapidly risen from a residential city to an industrial metropolis, had developed a rich landscape of science museums and technology exhibitions that were part of the everyday life of its citizens. But the reconstruction of this museum landscape proved difficult after the war. In order to fill the continuing demand for the cherished old museums as well as for new institutions, it was often civil society actors in West Berlin and individuals and initiatives of (state-controlled) organizations in East Berlin who became involved in their re-establishment. Given the central role of science and technology within the competition between the systems, and due to the unique constellation that existed until the construction of the Wall, which allowed Berliners to benefit from the offerings of two political systems with a permeable border, and which continued to exist in a close mutual relationship even after the Wall was erected, the case of divided Berlin provides particularly far-reaching insights into the societal role and political conditions of the culture of science and technology.