The scientific and technological culture of divided Berlin as reflected in the museums

博物馆中反映的分裂柏林的科技文化

• 批准号: 525152060
• 负责人: Professor Dr. Arne Schirrmacher
• 金额: --
• 依托单位: Lehrstuhl für Wissenschaftsgeschichte
• 依托单位国家: 德国
• 项目类别: Research Grants
• 资助国家: 德国
• 项目状态: 未结题
• 来源: https://gepris.dfg.de/gepris/projekt/525152060?language=en
• 关键词: scientific; technological; culture; divided; Berlin

Not only literature, theatre, film, art and music shaped the self-understanding and identity of people in modern societies, but also science and technology, which increasingly determined them. A comprehensive cultural history should therefore include the culture of science and technology. Berlin and its post-war development seem predestined for a more profound understanding of these societal and political conditions. After all, this is the place where two systems collided after 1945 and where, in a city that was divided but always closely related to one another between its parts, cultural competition took place in various constellations of permeability and isolation. In the atomic and space age and in the times of Sputnik and the "scientific-technical revolution", this competition was fought out, especially in the arena of science and technology. Just as there was a specific Berlin music life, an art, cinema and literature scene and a theatre landscape, there was a science and technology culture in the form of museums and exhibitions, too. Their place in Berlin's cultural history has so far remained open. The project aims to fill this desideratum for the post-war period and to analyse the institutions of exchange and knowledge circulation between science and society - in particular, museums, exhibitions and other forms of public presentation of science and technology such as observatories and science centres. As exhibition media, they made a unique contribution to the societal discourse on science and technology. Nowhere can these be experienced more directly, discussed more vividly, but also more easily instrumentalized ideologically and politically than in museums and exhibitions. Before the Second World War, Berlin, which had rapidly risen from a residential city to an industrial metropolis, had developed a rich landscape of science museums and technology exhibitions that were part of the everyday life of its citizens. But the reconstruction of this museum landscape proved difficult after the war. In order to fill the continuing demand for the cherished old museums as well as for new institutions, it was often civil society actors in West Berlin and individuals and initiatives of (state-controlled) organizations in East Berlin who became involved in their re-establishment. Given the central role of science and technology within the competition between the systems, and due to the unique constellation that existed until the construction of the Wall, which allowed Berliners to benefit from the offerings of two political systems with a permeable border, and which continued to exist in a close mutual relationship even after the Wall was erected, the case of divided Berlin provides particularly far-reaching insights into the societal role and political conditions of the culture of science and technology.

不仅文学、戏剧、电影、艺术和音乐塑造了现代社会中人们的自我理解和身份认同，而且科学和技术也日益决定了他们的地位。因此，一部全面的文化史应该包括科学技术文化。柏林及其战后发展似乎注定要对这些社会和政治状况有更深刻的理解。毕竟，这是1945年后两种制度发生碰撞的地方，在一个分裂但各部分之间总是紧密联系的城市里，文化竞争在各种渗透和孤立的星座中进行。在原子和空间时代，在Sputnik和“科技革命”时代，这场竞争打得沸沸扬扬，尤其是在科技领域。正如有特定的柏林音乐生活、艺术、电影和文学场景以及剧院景观一样，柏林也有以博物馆和展览形式存在的科技文化。到目前为止，他们在柏林文化史上的地位一直是开放的。该项目旨在满足战后时期的这一需求，并分析科学与社会之间的交流和知识流通机构，特别是博物馆、展览和其他形式的科学和技术公开展示形式，如天文台和科学中心。作为会展媒体，他们为社会的科技话语做出了独特的贡献。在博物馆和展览中，没有什么地方能比在博物馆和展览中更直接地体验这些，更生动地讨论这些，但也更容易在意识形态和政治上加以利用。在第二次世界大战之前，柏林从一个居住城市迅速崛起为一个工业大都市，发展了丰富的科学博物馆和技术展览，这些都是市民日常生活的一部分。但事实证明，战后重建这座博物馆的景观很困难。为了满足对珍贵的老博物馆和新机构的持续需求，往往是西柏林的民间社会行为者和东柏林的个人和(国家控制的)组织的倡议参与了博物馆的重建。鉴于科学和技术在系统间竞争中的核心作用，以及在柏林墙建造之前一直存在的独特星座，使柏林人能够从具有可渗透边界的两种政治制度的贡献中受益，即使在筑起柏林墙之后，柏林墙仍然以密切的相互关系存在，分裂的柏林的案例对科学技术文化的社会作用和政治条件提供了特别深远的见解。