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Development of a system for analysis of information of breeding for whole genome selection and its automation

全基因组选择育种信息分析系统及其自动化的开发

基本信息

批准号：
04556001
负责人：
UKAI Yasuo
金额：
$ 8.64万
依托单位：
The University of Tokyo
依托单位国家：
日本
项目类别：
Grant-in-Aid for Developmental Scientific Research (B)
财政年份：
1992
资助国家：
日本
起止时间：
1992 至 1994
项目状态：
已结题

项目摘要

A computer program MAPL ver 3.0 for construction of DNA marker(RFLP and RAPD)linkage map and QTL(quantitative trait loci)analysis was developed and announced in a journal(Breeding Science). The program can be used for F2.backcrosses, and doubled haploid lines in autogamous plant species and allogamous species as well. Graphical genotypes can be easily obtained by MAPL.The program has been utilized for construction of the first DNA marker linkage map of rice in Japan and is being used for linkage test and mapping in many other crops. Theoretical analysis was made on the effects of mis-classification of a trait and existence of a lethal factor on the estimation of recombination fraction and QTL analysis. A method for detection of additive and dominance effects for each QTL separately in the interval mapping of F2 population was developed.A synteny DNA marker linkage map of rice was constructed after combining of a map in Japan from a cross between varieties of Oryza sativa and one form a between-species cross made by American researcher. QTL analysis was made by employing fixed lines from a cross of Japonica x Indica rice variety and QTL of panicle number and panicle length were located on chromosomes with use of graphical genotype method. To make the precision in measuring of a quantitative trait higher development of efficient methods for getting and analysing information involved in morphological characters was attempted. Using elliptic Fourie descriptor characteristic quantities were drawn from leaf or grain shape and even subtle morphological differences between varieties could be detected after pricipal component analysis of the quantities. In soybean diallel analysis of the quantities revealed chracterictic feature of inheritance for each component. QTL of characteristics relating to rice grain shape was located on the chromosomes using image analysis and the descriptor.

用于构建 DNA 标记（RFLP 和 RAPD）连锁图和 QTL（数量性状位点）分析的计算机程序 MAPL ver 3.0 已开发出来，并在杂志（育种科学）上公布。该程序可用于 F2 回交以及自交植物物种和异体受精物种中的双单倍体系。通过MAPL可以轻松获得图形化的基因型。该程序已用于构建日本第一个水稻DNA标记连锁图谱，并用于许多其他作物的连锁测试和作图。对性状误分类和致死因子的存在对重组率估计和QTL分析的影响进行了理论分析。建立了F2群体区间作图中各QTL的加性效应和显性效应分别检测的方法。将日本的稻品种间杂交图谱与美国研究人员的种间杂交图谱相结合，构建了水稻同线性DNA标记连锁图谱。采用粳籼杂交固定系进行QTL分析，采用图解基因型法将穗数和穗长QTL定位在染色体上。为了提高数量性状测量的精度，尝试开发获取和分析形态性状信息的有效方法。使用椭圆傅里叶描述符，可以从叶子或谷物的形状中提取特征量，在对这些量进行主成分分析后，甚至可以检测到品种之间细微的形态差异。在大豆中，数量的双列分析揭示了每个成分的遗传特征。利用图像分析和描述子将与水稻粒形相关的性状QTL定位在染色体上。