Evolutionaly Studies of Small Animals in Thailand

1994-1995年，我们与泰国的研究人员合作，在泰国进行了为期两年的实地研究，研究青蛙、蜥蜴、蛇和甲虫等小动物的进化。我们在泰国的研究成功地积累了许多有趣的事实，总结如下：1）泰国种群的一个microhylid青蛙，Kalophrynus pleurosigma interlineatus，是不同的，从婆罗洲种群的K. p. pleurosigma广告呼叫结构。这种差异表明，泰国人口是生殖隔离，或使用不同的识别信号，从名义亚种，K. interlineatus，应被视为一个完整的物种。2）的核型scincid蜥蜴，M.macularia quadrifasciata，从泰国南部不同于任何已知的scincid核型，包括以前报道的核型同种印度人口，表现出较高的二倍体数（38）和从大到小的染色体大小逐渐变化。3）首次在泰国发现了孤雌生殖壁虎复合体的一个二倍体成员--越南半趾虎复合体（Hemidactylus garnotii-vietnamensis complex）。4）描述了产于泰国半岛南部的低地森林中的一新种，其背表面仅覆盖有分散的棒状刚毛。该新种与马来西亚低地种Aesalus yongi相似，但雄性外生殖器的形态与后者不同，命名为Aesalus dharma.此外，还报道了泰国Leptolalax属的两个未定种，Dibamus属的一个新种--宽尾圆腹蛛（Cosyboius platyurus）的滑翔行为，泰国的一些绿甲虫的未成熟阶段的生境和形态正在准备中。

We made a two-years' field study in Thailand between 1994-1995 on evolution of small animals such as frogs, lizards, snakes, and beetles, in collaboration with researchers of Thailand. Our research in Thailand successfull accumulated many interesting facts as is summarized below.1) The Thai population of a microhylid frog, Kalophrynus pleurostigma interlineatus, is distinct from the Bornean population of K.p.pleurostigma in advertisement call structure. This difference suggests that the Thai population is reproductively isolated from, or uses different recognition signals from the nominal subspecies and should be regarded as a full species, K.interlineatus.2) The karyotype of scincid lizard, M.macularia quadrifasciata, from southern Thailand differs from any known scincid karyotypes, including a previously reported karyotypes of conspecific Indian population, in exhibiting a high diploid number (38) and gradual change in size from large to small chromosomes. This suggests that M.macularia may consist of more than one biological species.3) A diploid member of the parthenogenetic gekkonid species complex, Hemidactylus garnotii-vietnamensis complex, was discovered for the first time from Thailand. Significance of the present findings to the origin of the triploid species of this species complex is discussed.4) A new species of the lucanid genus Aesalus whose dorsal surface covered solely with scattered stick-like bristles is described from the lowland forest in southern peninsula of Thailand. This new species, named Aesalus dharma, closely resembles A.yongi, a lowland species of Malaysia, but can be distinguished from the latter by the difference in configuration of male genitalia.Futher, papers dealing with two undescribed species of the genus Leptolalax from Thailand, gliding behavior of the Cosymboyus platyurus, a new species of the genus Dibamus, and habitats and morphologies of immature stages of some lucanid beetle of Thailand are now in preparation.