Genetic and Biochemical Studies on Systematics and Biogeography of Japanese Tailed Amphibians

利用电泳方法，对日本有尾两栖类代表性的小鲵、大鲵和蝾螈的遗传变异进行了研究，结果表明：1）确定了Salamandrella的独特属地位，而为retardatus建立的Satobius属则归属于Hynobius的同义词; 2）Sadoensis与H. nigrescens ; 3）H.结果表明：（1）日本东北种与日本东北种的遗传差异不显著，带广种与日本北海道种的遗传差异不显著，（2）日本安氏疣螈的遗传差异不显著，（3）日本安氏疣螈的遗传差异不显著，（4）日本安氏疣螈的遗传差异不显著，（5）日本冲绳种与日本奄美大岛种和德之岛种的遗传差异不显著，（6）日本东北种与日本东北种的遗传差异不显著，（7）日本东北种与日本东北种的遗传差异不显著。（7）香港的Paramesotriton与Cynops亲缘关系最近，Echinotriton属与Tylototriton同义。这些结果表明，日本有尾两栖动物的不同谱系之间的遗传分化的模式是不同的，并不总是平行的形态分化。然而，大多数的日本尾成员在遗传上是相当不同的地方人口，这表明他们的悠久历史，并保护每个种群的每个物种是非常必要的。

Through the use of the electrophoretic method, genetic variation in represent atives of the Japanese tailed amphibians, including Hynobiid small salamanders, the Japanese giant salamander, and newts, was investigated, and the following results were obtained : 1) Distinct generic status of Salam andrella is ascertained, whereas the genus Satobius erected for retardatus is relegated to the syn onymy of Hynobius ; 2) Hynobius sadoensis is relegated to the synonymy of H. nigrescens ; 3) Two morphologically distinguishable poulations of H. retardatus form Obihiro, Hokkaido are genetically not markedly divergent ; 4) A population of Andrias japonicus is genetically homogeneous ; 5) Population from Tylototriton andersoni from Okinawa is genetically differentiated from those from Amami Oshima and Tokunoshima ; 6) The Tohoku-race of Cynops Pyrrhogaster is genetically divergent from the anto-race ; 7) Parames otriton from Hongkong is genetically close to Cynops, and the genus Echinotriton is synonymous with Tylototriton. These results indicate that the pattern of genetic differentiation differs among the various lineages of the Japanese tailed amphibians and is not always in parallel with the differentiation in morphology. However, majority of the Japanese tailed members are genetically fairly divergent among local populations, suggesting their long history, and conservation of each population of each species is strongly required.