Anthropological study of ancient human bones in China.

中国古代人体骨骼的人类学研究.

• 批准号: 06041084
• 负责人: ROKUTANDA Atsushi
• 金额: $ 6.27万
• 依托单位: Nagasaki University
• 依托单位国家: 日本
• 项目类别: Grant-in-Aid for international Scientific Research
• 财政年份: 1994
• 资助国家: 日本
• 起止时间: 1994 至 1995
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://kaken.nii.ac.jp/grant/KAKENHI-PROJECT-06041084/
• 关键词: China; Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region; Silk Load; Western Region; Ancient human skeletal remains; Regional variation; Period variation; 江南; 華南; 縄文人骨

A study of physical anthropology of the ancient human skeletal remains from the Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region was carried out in order to clarify the regional and period variation in Xinjiang, in cooperation with Institute of Archaeology Chinese Academy of Social Science, Xinjiang Institute of Archaeology, and Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region Museum in 1994 and 1995.The skeletal remains excavated from the Shanpula ancient tombs of Lopu country in south Xinjiang were surveyed by the osteological and dental anthropological method.The Shanpula tombs is one of the sites of the southern route of the Silk Road during the Han Dynasty. The skeletons and teeth were measured and observed after careful cleaning and restoration work. The morphological characteristics of facial index, facial flatness, nasal index, incisor shoveling, and incisor double-shoveling, proved that most of the racial component of the Lopu Shanpula site was caucasoid.We are apt to estimate that there was the mixed race or the living of plural race in this region, bacause this region is one of the site of the south route of the Silk Road during the Han Dynasty. Nevertheless the result of this study indicated that the Lapu Shanpula at the time was the living area of caucasoid, and was uninfluenced by mongoloid gene. This suggested that the genetic influence from other race to this region did not necessarily exist, even if culture or trade goods were distributed from other region to this region.Thus the estimation of the gene flow is important as well as the flow of culture and trade goods in the sites of the Silk Road of Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region.

为弄清新疆地区古人类骨骼的地域性和时代性差异，与中国社会科学院考古研究所、新疆考古研究所、1994年和1995年，新疆维吾尔自治区博物馆对新疆南部洛浦县山普拉古墓出土的骨骸进行了调查，山普拉墓葬是汉代丝绸之路南线的遗址之一。在仔细清洁和修复工作后，测量和观察骨骼和牙齿。根据面部指数、面部扁平度、鼻指数、门齿铲形、门齿双铲形等形态特征，证明罗布泊山普拉遗址的人种组成以高加索人种为主，该地区是汉代丝绸之路南线的遗址之一，推测该地区可能存在混合人种或多种族的生活。但本研究结果表明，当时的拉普山普拉是高加索人种的生活区，不受蒙古人种基因的影响。这表明，即使文化或贸易商品从其他地区流入新疆，也不一定存在来自其他民族的遗传影响，因此，估算新疆丝绸之路遗址的基因流以及文化和贸易商品的流动是非常重要的。